Reichart E, Gérard H, Boerkmann P
INSERM U. 14, physiopathologie respiratoire, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
C R Acad Sci III. 1996 May;319(5):371-5.
Injection of trypsin triggers the delayed appearance of a lung emphysema. Classically, emphysema is attributed to elastase, more particularly to leucocyte elastase. Indeed the acute phase of this experiment is characterized by a granulocyte sequestration within the lung microvessels in diverse species. We also found granulocytes within the terminal airspaces; this fact implies a granulocyte extravasation and directed migration. In order to evaluate this airspace invading by granulocytes during trypsin induced-vascular leucostasis, we washed the lung in cats since this species develop leucocytosis easily. One lobe only was washed for avoiding to harvest the cells present in the trachea and the main bronchi. This study was designed in several parts: (1) the lungs were washed in normal condition and several months later when trypsin was given; (2) in a kinetic experiment, 3 lavages were made consecutively a day either in normal condition or under trypsin treatment; (3) the lung was washed one day after trypsin administration. The granulocytes, and among them the neutrophils particularly, increased in number or in percentage transiently within the terminal airspaces under trypsin treatment; these granulocytes found within the airspaces are about 20% of the lung granulocytes.
注射胰蛋白酶会引发迟发性肺气肿。传统上，肺气肿归因于弹性蛋白酶，更具体地说是白细胞弹性蛋白酶。实际上，该实验的急性期特征是在不同物种的肺微血管内出现粒细胞滞留。我们还在终末气腔内发现了粒细胞；这一事实意味着粒细胞外渗和定向迁移。为了评估胰蛋白酶诱导血管白细胞停滞期间粒细胞对气腔的侵袭情况，我们对猫的肺进行了灌洗，因为该物种很容易出现白细胞增多。仅冲洗一个肺叶以避免收集气管和主支气管中的细胞。本研究分为几个部分：（1）在正常情况下以及给予胰蛋白酶几个月后对肺进行灌洗；（2）在一项动力学实验中，在正常条件下或胰蛋白酶处理下，连续一天进行3次灌洗；（3）在给予胰蛋白酶一天后对肺进行灌洗。在胰蛋白酶处理下，终末气腔内的粒细胞，尤其是中性粒细胞，数量或百分比会短暂增加；在气腔内发现的这些粒细胞约占肺粒细胞的20%。
