[Tracheobronchial complications of assisted ventilation in children].

Assisted ventilation in children may cause acquired lesions of the trachea and bronchi. Symptoms may appear even during or after assisted ventilation. Tracheobronchoscopy is the best method for diagnosis of tracheobronchial abnormalities. Tracheobronchial granulomas and stenosis, and tracheobronchomalacia are the most common adverse effects of assisted ventilation via either endotracheal tube or tracheostomy. The frequency of tracheobronchial lesions is higher in case of assisted ventilation via tracheostomy, with a high incidence of stomal complications.