Takeuchi T
Department of Aquatic Biosciences, Tokyo University of Fisheries, Japan.
Arch Tierernahr. 1996;49(1):23-32. doi: 10.1080/17450399609381860.
Till date, many workers have demonstrated the nutritive value of dietary lipids and the qualitative and quantitative requirements for essential fatty acid (EFA) in many cultivable fish. From the data accrued, a categorization can be made for the EFA requirement as follows: Type I (require n-6 fatty acids), Type II (require both n-6 and n-3 fatty acids) and Type III (require n-3 fatty acids). Common carp Cyprinus carpio and grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella are codified as Type II fish based on their EFA needs. The requirement of both fish for dietary n-6 and n-3 fatty acids is found to be 1% and 0.5-1%, respectively. Our recent experiment clearly indicated that grass carp fed diet without EFA show deficiency symptoms like vertebral column curvature (VCC), indicating lordosis. The manifestation is similar to SEKOKE DISEASE which is characterised by apparent muscular dystrophy. However, grass carp fed an EFA-deficient diet did not exhibit the apparent muscular dystrophy. Recently, we have also investigated the interaction between EFA and vitamin E (VE), and the metabolism of linoleic acid (LA) using the isotope technique. These results are to be reviewed.
迄今为止，许多研究人员已证实了膳食脂质的营养价值以及多种可养殖鱼类对必需脂肪酸（EFA）的定性和定量需求。根据积累的数据，可将必需脂肪酸需求分类如下：I型（需要n-6脂肪酸）、II型（需要n-6和n-3脂肪酸）和III型（需要n-3脂肪酸）。鲤鱼和草鱼根据其必需脂肪酸需求被归类为II型鱼类。研究发现，这两种鱼对膳食中n-6和n-3脂肪酸的需求量分别为1%和0.5-1%。我们最近的实验清楚地表明，喂食不含必需脂肪酸饲料的草鱼会出现脊柱弯曲（VCC）等缺乏症状，表现为脊柱前凸。这种表现与以明显肌肉萎缩为特征的SEKOKE病相似。然而，喂食缺乏必需脂肪酸饲料的草鱼并未表现出明显的肌肉萎缩。最近，我们还利用同位素技术研究了必需脂肪酸与维生素E（VE）之间的相互作用以及亚油酸（LA）的代谢。这些结果有待进一步探讨。
