Escudero E, Espuny A, Vicente M S, Cárceles C M
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain.
Vet Res. 1996;27(3):201-8.
The pharmacokinetic behaviour of an ampicillin/sulbactam (2:1) combination was studied after intramuscular administration of a single dose (20 mg/kg body weight: 13.33 mg/kg of ampicillin and 6.67 mg/kg of sulbactam) to six sheep and six goats. The objective was to determine whether there were differences between sheep and goats in the disposition profiles of ampicillin and sulbactam. The disposition curves for both drugs were best described by a biexponential equation (one-compartment open model with first order absorption) in both sheep and goats. The maximum plasma concentrations of ampicillin and sulbactam were similar in both sheep (10.61 +/- 6.36 and 9.17 +/- 3.82 mg/L respectively) and goats (11.02 +/- 2.69 and 9.25 +/- 0.85 mg/L respectively), in spite of the fact that the ampicillin dose was twice that of sulbactam. The time of the peak plasma concentration for both drugs was also similar in both sheep and goats. The elimination half-life of ampicillin was 0.81 +/- 0.17 h in sheep and 0.71 +/- 0.12 h in goats, and that of sulbactam was 1.02 +/- 0.36 h in sheep and 1.13 +/- 0.18 h in goats. The rate of drug removal from the body was faster in sheep than in goats and consequently the area under the curve was greater for goats. It was concluded that the similarity in the disposition and elimination of both drugs in sheep and goats indicated that the combination preparation could be administered at the same dosing rate in both species.
对6只绵羊和6只山羊单次肌肉注射一剂氨苄西林/舒巴坦（2:1）组合（20毫克/千克体重：13.33毫克/千克氨苄西林和6.67毫克/千克舒巴坦）后，研究了其药代动力学行为。目的是确定绵羊和山羊在氨苄西林和舒巴坦处置概况上是否存在差异。在绵羊和山羊中，两种药物的处置曲线均可用双指数方程（具有一级吸收的单室开放模型）进行最佳描述。尽管氨苄西林剂量是舒巴坦的两倍，但绵羊（分别为10.61±6.36和9.17±3.82毫克/升）和山羊（分别为11.02±2.69和9.25±0.85毫克/升）中氨苄西林和舒巴坦的最大血浆浓度相似。两种药物的血浆浓度峰值时间在绵羊和山羊中也相似。绵羊中氨苄西林的消除半衰期为0.81±0.17小时，山羊中为0.71±0.12小时；绵羊中舒巴坦的消除半衰期为1.02±0.36小时，山羊中为1.13±0.18小时。绵羊体内药物清除速率比山羊快，因此山羊的曲线下面积更大。得出的结论是，绵羊和山羊中两种药物在处置和消除方面的相似性表明，该组合制剂在两种物种中可以以相同的给药速率给药。
