Rao G N, Edmondson J, Hildebrandt P K, Bruner R H
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Nutr Cancer. 1996;25(3):269-79. doi: 10.1080/01635589609514451.
Composition of diets may influence growth, diseases, tumor rates, and responses to chemical treatment. For two years, Fischer 344 rats were fed the NIH-07 open-formula nonpurified diet (approximately 23% protein, approximately 5% fat, and approximately 3.5% fiber) and nonpurified experimental diets (NTP-90, NTP-91, and NTP-92) containing lower protein and higher fat and fiber (14.6-15.3% protein, 7.2-8.5% fat, and 9.4-14% fiber) than the NIH-07 diet. Rats were evaluated for growth patterns, survival, hematology, serum chemistry, nephropathy, and tumor incidences. Growth patterns were similar in rats fed the experimental diets and in those fed the NIH-07 diet. However, in rats fed the experimental diets, the adult body weights were significantly (6-9%) lower and the survival at 110 weeks of age was significantly higher (15-20%) than in rats fed the NIH-07 diet. Lower protein content of experimental diets decreased the severity of nephropathy. Higher fat content of experimental diets appears to have decreased the incidence or delayed the development of leukemia and associated mortality in males. Higher fiber content of experimental diets appears to have delayed the development of mammary tumors and associated mortality in females. Higher fat and/or fiber of the experimental diets decreased the incidence of pheochromocytomas in males. The lower protein and higher fat and fiber contents of the experimental diets decreased the spontaneous tumor burden in two-year studies. These studies indicate that diets for rats in long-term studies could be modified to decrease the severity of nephropathy and to decrease/delay the development of spontaneous tumors.
饮食组成可能会影响生长、疾病、肿瘤发生率以及对化学治疗的反应。在两年时间里，给Fischer 344大鼠喂食NIH - 07开放式配方非纯化饮食（约23%蛋白质、约5%脂肪和约3.5%纤维）以及蛋白质含量较低、脂肪和纤维含量较高（蛋白质含量为14.6 - 15.3%、脂肪含量为7.2 - 8.5%、纤维含量为9.4 - 14%）的非纯化实验饮食（NTP - 90、NTP - 91和NTP - 92）。对大鼠的生长模式、存活率、血液学、血清化学、肾病和肿瘤发生率进行评估。喂食实验饮食的大鼠和喂食NIH - 07饮食的大鼠生长模式相似。然而，与喂食NIH - 07饮食的大鼠相比，喂食实验饮食的大鼠成年体重显著降低（6 - 9%），110周龄时的存活率显著提高（15 - 20%）。实验饮食中较低的蛋白质含量降低了肾病的严重程度。实验饮食中较高的脂肪含量似乎降低了雄性大鼠白血病的发生率或延缓了其发展以及相关死亡率。实验饮食中较高的纤维含量似乎延缓了雌性大鼠乳腺肿瘤的发展以及相关死亡率。实验饮食中较高的脂肪和/或纤维含量降低了雄性大鼠嗜铬细胞瘤的发生率。在两年的研究中，实验饮食中较低的蛋白质以及较高的脂肪和纤维含量降低了自发肿瘤负担。这些研究表明，在长期研究中，可以对大鼠的饮食进行调整，以降低肾病的严重程度，并减少/延缓自发肿瘤的发展。
