Bancroft J, Skrimshire A, Casson J, Harvard-Watts O, Reynolds F
Psychol Med. 1977 May;7(2):289-303. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700029391.
A representative sample of 130 people was interviewed shortly following self-poisoning or self-injury. The interview method is described. Events in the week prior to the attempt, and the incidence of various kinds of chronic problems are reported. Events involving key relationships were much more common than other kinds. The most important event was a quarrel, particularly in the 48 hours prior to the attempts and more common with female than with male attempters. The possible relevance of quarrels to understanding overdose behaviour is discussed. Nearly a third were receiving non-psychiatric treatment at the time of the 'attempt'. Approximately one quarter were currently receiving psychiatric treatment and a half had received it at some time. A substantial proportion had been admitted to either psychiatric or non-psychiatric hospitals within the past year. The proportions indicating the need for various kinds of help are reported. Most people said they needed 'someone to talk to'. More than half had been in contact with some form of helping agency during the week prior to the attempt. The possible significance of these findings is discussed. An attempt was made to look for 'syndromes' or groupings of problems. The resulting analysis, whilst of interest, did not lead to a satisfactory method for classifying individuals. It was concluded that a more satisfactory typology of 'attempters' is likely if types of relationship problems are investigated in more detail.
在130人因自我中毒或自我伤害事件后不久进行了访谈,构成了一个具有代表性的样本。文中描述了访谈方法。报告了自杀未遂前一周内发生的事件以及各类慢性问题的发生率。涉及关键人际关系的事件比其他类型的事件更为常见。最重要的事件是争吵,尤其是在自杀未遂前的48小时内,女性自杀未遂者比男性更为常见。文中讨论了争吵与理解过量用药行为之间可能存在的关联。近三分之一的人在“自杀未遂”时正在接受非精神科治疗。约四分之一的人目前正在接受精神科治疗,一半的人曾在某个时候接受过精神科治疗。相当一部分人在过去一年中曾入住精神科或非精神科医院。报告了表示需要各种帮助的比例。大多数人表示他们需要“有人倾诉”。超过一半的人在自杀未遂前一周内曾与某种形式的帮助机构有过接触。文中讨论了这些发现可能具有的意义。尝试寻找“综合征”或问题群组。由此得出的分析虽然有趣,但并未得出一种令人满意的个体分类方法。得出的结论是,如果更详细地调查关系问题的类型,可能会得出一种更令人满意的“自杀未遂者”类型学。