Perera J, Wijekoon P N, Gamage S
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Ceylon Med J. 1996 Jun;41(2):51-4.
To determine the drug sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from pretreatment (primary) cases of pulmonary tuberculosis.
A descriptive study.
The Central Chest Clinic, Colombo.
103 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who have not taken anti-tuberculosis drugs previously.
Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of M tuberculosis isolates for isoniazid (INAH), ethambutol (EMB), rifampicin (RMP) and streptomycin (SM) tested in drug incorporated Lowenstein Jenson (LJ) medium using resistance ratio method.
15.5% isolates of M tuberculosis were resistant to at least one drug. Resistance to a single drug was found to be most prevalent (69%) among the resistant isolates and among these INAH resistance was most prevalent followed by streptomycin. None of the isolates were resistant to all four drugs. Resistance rates to individual drugs were INAH 9.7%. SM 6.7% EMB 2.9% and RMP 2.9%.
Since the introduction of RMP and EMB in the treatment regimens from mid-1970s the incidence of tuberculosis and rate of primary drug resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs has not changed significantly (p > 0.05) when compared with the results of studies conducted previously (2, 3). However, it is recommended that regular surveillance of drug sensitivity pattern should be maintained to determine alternate drug regimes and to detect the spread of resistant strains in the community.
确定从肺结核初治（原发）病例中分离出的结核分枝杆菌菌株的药敏情况。
描述性研究。
科伦坡中央胸科诊所。
103例既往未服用过抗结核药物的肺结核患者。
采用耐药率法，在含药的罗-琴（LJ）培养基中检测结核分枝杆菌分离株对异烟肼（INAH）、乙胺丁醇（EMB）、利福平（RMP）和链霉素（SM）的药敏模式。
15.5%的结核分枝杆菌分离株对至少一种药物耐药。在耐药分离株中，对单一药物耐药最为常见（69%），其中对INAH耐药最为常见，其次是链霉素。没有分离株对所有四种药物都耐药。各药物的耐药率分别为：INAH 9.7%、SM 6.7%、EMB 2.9%、RMP 2.9%。
自20世纪70年代中期在治疗方案中引入RMP和EMB以来，与之前进行的研究结果相比（2, 3），结核病的发病率和对抗结核药物的原发耐药率没有显著变化（p>0.05）。然而，建议持续定期监测药敏模式，以确定替代药物方案，并检测耐药菌株在社区中的传播情况。
