Takada S, Shintani Y, Sohma O, Tsuneishi S, Uetani Y, Nakamura H
Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.
Acta Paediatr Jpn. 1995 Dec;37(6):735-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.1995.tb03416.x.
In order to clarify the difficulties which handicapped people experienced in the Hanshin-Awaji earthquake disaster, 678 families with handicapped children were studied 1.5 months after the earthquake. All the students who were enrolled in this study were going to some type of school or training classes for handicapped children in January 1995. The study was completed between 1 and 10 March. The questionnaires which were designed for this study consisted of three parts: the difficulties which the families were faced with, their requirements for social and medical services and the symptoms and reactions of their children after the earthquake. A total of 466 answers were obtained from their parents. The kinds of difficulties differed between the families of mentally retarded children and those of the physically handicapped. While many parents with physically handicapped children desired better medical information or materials, many parents with mentally retarded children wanted better care services for their children. Physical and psychological effects of the earthquake were only temporary in most cases. However, some of the handicapped children were still suffering from such reactions as of 10 March. From the results of our study it became evident that a systematic relief program for these handicapped people should be established. The relief program should include the distribution of information regarding medical and social services. Psychological reactions such as panic, excitement and suppression of mental activity were still observed in some handicapped children on 10 March. Further observation will therefore be necessary.
为了弄清残疾人在阪神 - 淡路地震灾害中所经历的困难，在地震发生1.5个月后，对678个有残疾儿童的家庭进行了研究。所有参与本研究的学生在1995年1月都在某种类型的学校或残疾儿童培训班上学。研究于3月1日至10日完成。为本研究设计的问卷由三部分组成：家庭面临的困难、他们对社会和医疗服务的需求以及他们孩子在地震后的症状和反应。从他们的父母那里共获得了466份答案。智障儿童家庭和身体残疾儿童家庭面临的困难种类有所不同。虽然许多身体残疾儿童的父母希望获得更好的医疗信息或资料，但许多智障儿童的父母希望为他们的孩子提供更好的护理服务。在大多数情况下，地震对身体和心理的影响只是暂时的。然而，截至3月10日，一些残疾儿童仍受此类反应的困扰。从我们的研究结果来看，显然应该为这些残疾人建立一个系统的救助计划。该救助计划应包括分发有关医疗和社会服务的信息。3月10日，在一些残疾儿童身上仍观察到恐慌、兴奋和精神活动受抑制等心理反应。因此，有必要进一步观察。
