Shephard R J, Bouchard C
Physical Activity Sciences Laboratory, Laval University, Ste Foy, Québec, Canada.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1995 Sep;35(3):149-58.
To assess perceptions of fitness, intensity and frequency of habitual physical activity as predictors of cardiovascular function, metabolic health and obesity.
Cross-sectional correlational, with covariance adjustment of data for age and socio-economic status.
An urban community of some 250,000 people.
Convenience sample of healthy but relatively sedentary subjects, 172 males and 178 females aged 14-68 years.
Self-reports of perceived fitness, habitual activity, intensity and frequency of exercise; standard laboratory tests of cardiovascular function (resting heart rate, PWC 150/kg, systolic and diastolic blood pressure), metabolic health (blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid), obesity (body mass index, skinfolds, hydrostatic body fat, and abdominal circumferences) and socio-economic status (education, job classification and income).
In men, the strongest associations of fitness markers were with peer comparisons of fitness and activity. In women, such comparisons also yielded significant positive associations, but the most consistent relationships of fitness were with Godin questionnaire ratings of sweat-inducing and frequent heavy activity. Perceptions of intense activity were associated more with cardiovascular than with metabolic health. Perceptions of frequent activity (peer activity ratings, occupational walking, and the number of activities reported) were associated with control of body fat, and to a lesser extent with cardiovascular function, but were unrelated to markers of metabolic health.
Perceptions of personal fitness, intensity and frequency of habitual activity are all associated with markers of health-related fitness after allowance for effects of gender, age and socio-economic status. The public should thus be encouraged to pursue activity that they perceive as frequent, intense and improving their fitness.
评估对健康状况、习惯性体力活动的强度和频率的认知，作为心血管功能、代谢健康和肥胖的预测指标。
横断面相关性研究，对年龄和社会经济地位的数据进行协方差调整。
一个约有25万人口的城市社区。
健康但相对久坐不动的受试者的便利样本，172名男性和178名女性，年龄在14 - 68岁之间。
对健康状况、习惯性活动、运动强度和频率的自我报告；心血管功能的标准实验室测试（静息心率、每千克体重150瓦功率时的体力工作能力、收缩压和舒张压）、代谢健康（血糖、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯和尿酸）、肥胖（体重指数、皮褶厚度、水下体脂和腹围）以及社会经济地位（教育程度、职业分类和收入）。
在男性中，健康指标的最强关联与健康和活动的同伴比较有关。在女性中，此类比较也产生了显著的正相关，但健康状况最一致的关系是与戈丁问卷中对出汗诱导和频繁剧烈活动的评分有关。对剧烈活动的认知与心血管健康的关联比对代谢健康的关联更大。对频繁活动的认知（同伴活动评分、职业步行和报告的活动数量）与体脂控制有关，在较小程度上与心血管功能有关，但与代谢健康指标无关。
在考虑性别、年龄和社会经济地位的影响后，对个人健康状况、习惯性活动的强度和频率的认知均与健康相关体能指标有关。因此，应鼓励公众进行他们认为频繁、剧烈且能改善健康状况的活动。
