MacAuley D, McCrum E E, Stott G, Evans A E, McRoberts B, Boreham C A, Sweeney K, Trinick T R
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1996 Jun;50(3):258-63. doi: 10.1136/jech.50.3.258.
To investigate the relationship between physical activity, physical fitness, blood pressure, and fibrinogen.
This was a cross sectional population study using a two stage probability sample.
Northern Ireland.
A sample of 1600 subjects aged 16-74 years from the population of Northern Ireland.
Physical activity profile from computer assisted interview using the Allied Dunbar national fitness survey scales. Physical fitness using estimation of VO2 max by extrapolation from submaximal oxygen uptake while walking on a motor driven treadmill. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure measured with a Hawksley random zero sphygmomanometer. Measurement of fibrinogen using the Clauss method.
There were significant relationships between both current and past activity and blood pressure. These were of a magnitude that would have been clinically significant, but for the fact that, with the exception of the relationship between habitual activity and diastolic pressure (p = 0.03) and past activity and systolic pressure (p = 0.03) in men, they were not sustained after adjustment for the effect of age using analysis of variance. After adjustment for other potentially confounding factors using multiple regression, there was an inverse relationship between systolic blood pressure and past activity in men, so that those with a life-time of participation compared with a life-time of inactivity had a lower systolic blood pressure of 6 mmHg (p < 0.05). There was a highly significant (p < 0.001) inverse association between both systolic and diastolic blood pressure and physical fitness (VO2 max) which was not sustained after adjustment for possible confounding factors. There were relationships between fibrinogen and highest recorded activity (p < 0.001), habitual activity (p < 0.01), and past activity (p < 0.01) in men but no significant relationship in women. The relationship between fibrinogen and activity was no longer sustained after adjustment for possible confounding factors. There was a highly significant (p < 0.001) inverse relationship with physical fitness using VO2 max. This relationship was sustained after adjustment for possible confounding factors in both men (p < 0.05) and women (p < 0.001).
There was a relationship between physical activity, physical fitness, and blood pressure but the relationship was greatly influenced by age. A reduction of 6 mmHg in systolic blood pressure associated with past activity is of clinical significance and supports the hypothesis that physical activity is of benefit in reducing cardiovascular risk. There was a lower level of fibrinogen in those who were most active but this relationship was not significant after adjustment for possible confounding factors. There was also a lower level of fibrinogen those who were most fit (VO2 max) and this relationship persisted even after adjustment for possible confounding factors.
探讨身体活动、身体素质、血压与纤维蛋白原之间的关系。
这是一项采用两阶段概率抽样的横断面人群研究。
北爱尔兰。
从北爱尔兰人群中抽取的1600名年龄在16 - 74岁之间的受试者样本。
使用联合邓巴国民体质调查量表通过计算机辅助访谈得出的身体活动概况。在电动跑步机上行走时通过亚极量摄氧量外推法估算最大摄氧量（VO₂ max）来评估身体素质。使用Hawksley随机零位血压计测量收缩压和舒张压。采用克劳斯法测量纤维蛋白原。
当前和过去的活动与血压之间均存在显著关系。这些关系在临床上本应具有显著意义，但除了男性习惯性活动与舒张压之间的关系（p = 0.03）以及过去活动与收缩压之间的关系（p = 0.03）外，在使用方差分析对年龄影响进行校正后，这些关系不再成立。在使用多元回归对其他潜在混杂因素进行校正后，男性收缩压与过去的活动之间存在负相关关系，因此，与一生不活动的人相比，一生都参与活动的人的收缩压低6 mmHg（p < 0.05）。收缩压和舒张压与身体素质（VO₂ max）之间均存在高度显著的负相关关系（p < 0.001），但在对可能的混杂因素进行校正后，这种关系不再成立。男性的纤维蛋白原与最高记录活动（p < 0.001）、习惯性活动（p < 0.01）以及过去活动（p < 0.01）之间存在关系，但女性中无显著关系。在对可能的混杂因素进行校正后，纤维蛋白原与活动之间的关系不再成立。使用VO₂ max评估时，与身体素质存在高度显著的负相关关系（p < 0.001）。在对男性（p < 0.05）和女性（p < 0.001）可能的混杂因素进行校正后，这种关系仍然成立。
身体活动、身体素质与血压之间存在关系，但这种关系受年龄的影响很大。与过去活动相关的收缩压降低6 mmHg具有临床意义，并支持身体活动有助于降低心血管风险这一假说。活动量最大的人群纤维蛋白原水平较低，但在对可能的混杂因素进行校正后，这种关系并不显著。身体素质最佳（VO₂ max）的人群纤维蛋白原水平也较低，即使在对可能的混杂因素进行校正后，这种关系仍然存在。
