Howard D L, LaVeist T A, McCaughrin W C
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4945, USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 1996 Apr;31(5):617-38. doi: 10.3109/10826089609045830.
This study examines whether the racial mix of clients is related to treatment organization outcome rates after controlling for the social environment in which the organization operates. A nationally representative sample of 326 nonmethadone outpatient substance misuser treatment organizations was surveyed in 1990. Unit analysis is the treatment organization. Outcome measures are the percentages of clients who completed and dropped out of treatment. The percent of Black clients treated at the organization, the socioeconomic status of the organization's area, and other client characteristics, organizational factors, and treatment practices are evaluated through multivariate regression to determine their impact on organizational rates of treatment success and failure among clients. Ordinary least-squares regression analysis indicates that race is not a predictor of treatment success once socioenvironmental factors are included in the analysis. Treatment organizations must be wary of defining a person for treatment only in terms of his or her racial or ethnic group membership. Treatment approaches should place more emphasis on the socioenvironmental influences to which the client is exposed and less emphasis on a client's race.
本研究考察了在控制了机构运营所处的社会环境后，客户的种族构成是否与治疗机构的治疗效果率相关。1990年，对全国范围内具有代表性的326个非美沙酮门诊药物滥用者治疗机构进行了调查。分析单位是治疗机构。结果指标是完成治疗和退出治疗的客户百分比。通过多元回归评估在该机构接受治疗的黑人客户百分比、该机构所在地区的社会经济地位以及其他客户特征、机构因素和治疗方法，以确定它们对客户治疗成功和失败的机构比率的影响。普通最小二乘法回归分析表明，一旦在分析中纳入社会环境因素，种族就不是治疗成功的预测因素。治疗机构必须警惕仅根据一个人的种族或族裔群体成员身份来界定其是否需要治疗。治疗方法应更加强调客户所接触到的社会环境影响，而减少对客户种族的强调。
