Kampov-Polevoy A B, Kasheffskaya O P, Overstreet D H, Rezvani A H, Viglinskaya I V, Badistov B A, Seredenin S B, Halikas J A, Sinclair J D
Skipper Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599-7178, USA.
Physiol Behav. 1996 Apr-May;59(4-5):683-8. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(95)02110-8.
The experiments were designed to study the association between consumption of palatable 0.1% (w/v) saccharin solution, voluntary drinking of 10% (v/v) ethanol solution, and pain sensitivity measured with the hot plate test. Rat lines that were genetically selected for high alcohol consumption (P and AA rats), alcohol-preferring Fawn Hooded (FH) rats and their F2[FH x FRL] hybrids, and the Maudsley Nonreactive strain (MNRA) had a high propensity to consume saccharin that resulted in a significant (almost twofold; p < 0.05) increase in their daily fluid intake when saccharin was available. These strains also had lower pain thresholds in the hot plate test than did their parallel strains [NP, ANA, Maudsley Reactive (MR)]. Most alcohol-nonpreferring strains [NP, ANA, and Flinders Resistant Line (FRL)] had preference ratios for saccharin about as high as those of the alcohol-preferring rats but, unlike the high alcohol drinkers, they did not increase their total fluid intake when saccharin was available. The mean saccharin intakes of the lines were strongly correlated with their alcohol drinking during the first 5 days, whereas their latencies on the hot plate were inversely related to their change in alcohol drinking with experience. The results are consistent with an endogenous opioid mechanism being involved in alcohol drinking.
这些实验旨在研究可口的0.1%（w/v）糖精溶液消耗、自愿饮用10%（v/v）乙醇溶液与通过热板试验测量的疼痛敏感性之间的关联。经基因选择具有高酒精消耗量的大鼠品系（P和AA大鼠）、偏爱酒精的小鹿斑帽大鼠（FH）及其F2[FH×FRL]杂种，以及莫兹利无反应品系（MNRA）有很高的糖精消耗倾向，当有糖精时，它们的每日液体摄入量显著增加（几乎翻倍；p<0.05）。在热板试验中，这些品系的疼痛阈值也低于其平行品系[NP、ANA、莫兹利反应品系（MR）]。大多数不偏爱酒精的品系[NP、ANA和弗林德斯抗性品系（FRL）]对糖精的偏好比率与偏爱酒精的大鼠大致相同，但与高酒精饮用者不同的是，当有糖精时，它们的总液体摄入量并未增加。在前5天，这些品系的平均糖精摄入量与其酒精饮用量密切相关，而它们在热板上的潜伏期与随着经验积累酒精饮用量的变化呈负相关。结果表明内源性阿片类机制参与了酒精饮用。
