Gormley W P, Hill D A, Murray J M, Fee J P
Department of Anaesthesia, Ulster Hospital, Dundonald, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Anaesthesia. 1996 Feb;51(2):185-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1996.tb07712.x.
Alkalinisation of local anaesthetic drugs is a controversial technique for improving regional blockade. Forty-two patients scheduled for upper limb surgery received axillary brachial plexus anaesthesia using a cannula technique. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either lignocaine 1.5% with 1 in 200,000 adrenaline (pH = 4.2) or lignocaine 1.5% with 1 in 200,000 adrenaline (pH = 7.2). There was no significant difference in the incidence of satisfactory blockade or distribution of anaesthesia between the two groups. The percentage of patients with complete anaesthesia at 10, 20 and 30 min following injection was significantly increased in the alkalinized group with regard to the ulnar and median nerves, and the median cutaneous nerve of the arm (p < 0.05). In the alkalinized group, there was a significant reduction in the time to useful anaesthesia and a reduced requirement for adjuvants (p < 0.05). There was no effect on the duration of anaesthesia.
局部麻醉药碱化是一种用于改善区域阻滞的颇具争议的技术。42例计划行上肢手术的患者采用套管技术接受腋路臂丛神经麻醉。患者被随机分配接受含1:200000肾上腺素的1.5%利多卡因（pH = 4.2）或含1:200000肾上腺素的1.5%利多卡因（pH = 7.2）。两组在满意阻滞的发生率或麻醉分布方面无显著差异。注射后10、20和30分钟时，碱化组尺神经、正中神经和臂内侧皮神经完全麻醉的患者百分比显著增加（p < 0.05）。在碱化组，达到有效麻醉的时间显著缩短，辅助用药需求减少（p < 0.05）。对麻醉持续时间无影响。
