Weinert M, Grimes R M, Lynch D P
University of Texas, Houston Health Science Center, USA.
Ann Intern Med. 1996 Sep 15;125(6):485-96. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-125-6-199609150-00010.
To provide a comprehensive, literature-based guide to the diagnosis of and the management and referral of patients with oral diseases associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
The literature was reviewed to identify common oral manifestations of HIV infection, the physical and laboratory findings associated with them, and the therapies used to treat them. The National Library of Medicine's AIDSLINE database was searched using the term "mouth diseases." Additional references were identified from the bibliographies of these articles and related textbooks.
English-language abstracts were reviewed to determine each paper's clinical relevance. To be considered clinically relevant, a paper had to describe the physical appearance of oral manifestations, methods used to diagnose oral manifestations, or treatment and referral guidelines. More than 600 abstracts were identified.
After the abstracts were reviewed, articles were selected and were reviewed for possible inclusion. If both of two reviewers agreed that an article was clinically relevant and dealt with conditions that occurred in more than 1% of HIV-infected patients, the article was included.
16 conditions that occur in more than 1% of HIV-infected patients were identified. Information on these conditions was collected and sorted into three categories: clinical appearance, diagnostic methods, and treatment.
Almost all patients with HIV infection will contract oral diseases. Guidelines for recognizing, diagnosing, and managing these conditions are presented. Most conditions can be treated or alleviated through the combined efforts of the physician and the dentist.
提供一份基于文献的全面指南，用于诊断、管理及转诊与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染相关的口腔疾病患者。
对文献进行综述，以确定HIV感染的常见口腔表现、与之相关的体格检查和实验室检查结果以及用于治疗这些表现的疗法。使用术语“口腔疾病”检索了美国国立医学图书馆的艾滋病在线数据库（AIDSLINE）。从这些文章的参考文献和相关教科书中确定了其他参考文献。
对英文摘要进行综述，以确定每篇论文的临床相关性。若一篇论文要被视为具有临床相关性，必须描述口腔表现的外观、用于诊断口腔表现的方法或治疗及转诊指南。共识别出600多篇摘要。
在对摘要进行综述后，挑选文章并对其进行评审以确定是否可能纳入。如果两名评审员都认为一篇文章具有临床相关性且涉及超过1%的HIV感染患者中出现的情况，则将该文章纳入。
确定了在超过1%的HIV感染患者中出现的16种情况。收集了有关这些情况的信息，并将其分为三类：临床表现、诊断方法和治疗。
几乎所有HIV感染患者都会患上口腔疾病。本文给出了识别、诊断和管理这些疾病的指南。大多数疾病可通过医生和牙医的共同努力得到治疗或缓解。
