Marrama L, Rajaonarivelo E, Laventure S, Rabarison P
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, unité d'entomologie médicale.
Sante. 1995 Nov-Dec;5(6):415-9.
An exhaustive study of the potential habitats of Anopheles funestus was led during 1992 in Ankazobe on the Plateau of Madagascar, 95 km northwest of the capital Tananarive. The rice fields provide more than 90% of the positive habitats versus less than 10% for the nonhuman biotopes. Larva are especially abundant on the surfaces of the rice during grain head formation and maturation. The dense vegetation coverage provides them with shade and protection against predators. After harvesting, the follows can be filled with water and wild vegetation, and then also provide an important share of the habitats. The rice fields are omnipresent on the Plateau where they supply the basis of local alimentation. A. funestus then constitutes a serious risk for all of the villages. The role of the rice fields as habitats for A. funestus has already been noted in Kenya but in West Africa the rice fields do not host this species, even if this species is very abundant in the other types of habitats.
1992年，在马达加斯加高原的安卡佐贝进行了一项关于冈比亚按蚊潜在栖息地的详尽研究，该地位于首都塔那那利佛西北95公里处。稻田提供了90%以上的阳性栖息地，而非人类生物群落提供的阳性栖息地不到10%。在稻穗形成和成熟期间，稻田表面的幼虫尤其丰富。茂密的植被覆盖为它们提供了荫蔽和抵御捕食者的保护。收割后，稻田可以蓄水并长满野生植被，这也提供了相当一部分栖息地。稻田在高原上随处可见，是当地食物供应的基础。冈比亚按蚊因此对所有村庄构成严重威胁。稻田作为冈比亚按蚊栖息地的作用在肯尼亚已被注意到，但在西非，稻田中没有这种蚊子，即使该物种在其他类型的栖息地中非常丰富。
