Schuster M A, Bell R M, Petersen L P, Kanouse D E
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1996 Sep;150(9):906-13. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1996.02170340020004.
To assess the extent to which adolescents in a nonclinical community-based population have talked with a physician about sexual behavior and risk prevention and to examine whether adolescents value these discussions and trust physicians to protect their confidentiality.
Self-administered anonymous survey.
Urban California school district.
A total of 2026 students in 9th to 12th grade, 98% of the eligible students present on the survey day.
Discussions with physicians about sexual matters, helpfulness of discussions, trust in physicians to protect confidentiality, and knowledge about confidentiality laws.
Thirty-nine percent of adolescents reported discussions with physicians about how to avoid getting acquired immunodeficiency syndrome from sex, 37% about using condoms for vaginal intercourse, 13% about how to use condoms, 15% about the adolescent's sex life, 13% about how to say no to unwanted sex, and 8% about sexual orientation. In addition, 8% of adolescents had been given a condom by a physician. Adolescents were more likely to report most of these topics if they had ever had vaginal intercourse or if they had a regular physician. Most adolescents (80%-90%) would find it at least a little helpful to talk with a physician about various sexual matters. Most would trust a physician to keep secret that they asked questions about sex (75%), that they were having sex (65%), or that they were using contraception (68%). Fewer would trust physicians to keep secret a sexually transmitted disease (44%) or pregnancy (44%). For adolescents who knew that physicians in their state do not have to tell parents about sexually transmitted diseases or pregnancy, levels of trust rose, but only to 54%.
Although professional medical organizations recommend that physicians discuss sexual matters and risk prevention with their adolescent patients, most adolescents report not having received these services. Physicians should be more aggressive about discussing these topics.
评估非临床社区人群中的青少年与医生谈论性行为及风险预防的程度，并考察青少年是否重视这些讨论以及是否信任医生会保护他们的隐私。
自行填写的匿名调查。
加利福尼亚州城市学区。
9至12年级的2026名学生，调查当天符合条件的学生中有98%到场。
与医生关于性问题的讨论、讨论的帮助程度、对医生保护隐私的信任度以及对保密法律的了解。
39%的青少年报告与医生讨论过如何避免通过性行为感染获得性免疫缺陷综合征，37%讨论过在阴道性交中使用避孕套，13%讨论过如何使用避孕套，15%讨论过青少年的性生活，13%讨论过如何拒绝 unwanted 性行为，8%讨论过性取向。此外，8%的青少年曾从医生那里得到过避孕套。如果青少年曾经有过阴道性交或有固定的医生，他们更有可能报告上述大多数话题。大多数青少年（80%-90%）认为与医生谈论各种性问题至少会有一点帮助。大多数人会信任医生对他们询问性问题（75%）、正在进行性行为（65%）或正在使用避孕措施（68%）予以保密。较少有人会信任医生对性传播疾病（44%）或怀孕（44%）予以保密。对于知道本州医生不必将性传播疾病或怀孕情况告知父母的青少年，信任度有所上升，但也仅为54%。
尽管专业医学组织建议医生与青少年患者讨论性问题及风险预防，但大多数青少年报告未接受过这些服务。医生应更积极地讨论这些话题。
