Johnson F L, Winship H W, Trinca C E
Am J Hosp Pharm. 1977 Jun;34(6):609-12.
Data on prenatal, labor and delivery, and postnatal medication exposure to neonates were collected. During an 11-week period, 100 neonates consecutively admitted to a hospital were studied. The pharmacist obtained a social and medication history from the mothers and reviewed maternal anesthesia records and the charts of the neonates. Fifteen definite and possible adverse medication reactions were detected in 13 neonates. The median number of different medications ingested prenatally was 4.7. The four most commonly ingested prenatal medications were vitamins (97%), iron preparations (90%), headache/pain/arthritis medications (68%) and antinausea/vomiting medications (40%). The most commonly used medications during labor and delivery were oxytocin (73%), meperidine (33%) and promazine (25%). The use of strong narcotics during this period produced neonatal respiratory depression in some cases. The four most commonly prescribed postnatal medications were vitamin K1 (100%), gentamicin (10%), ampicillin (8%) and Poly-Vi-Sol (6%). The maternal interview indicated that most mothers were unaware of the influence that many medications can play upon the fetus. It is recommended that the pharmacist conduct a maternal medication interview prior to labor and delivery.
收集了有关新生儿产前、分娩期间及产后药物暴露的数据。在11周的时间里，对一家医院连续收治的100名新生儿进行了研究。药剂师从母亲那里获取了社会及用药史，并查阅了产妇麻醉记录和新生儿病历。在13名新生儿中检测到15例明确和可能的药物不良反应。产前摄入不同药物的中位数为4.7种。产前最常摄入的四种药物是维生素（97%）、铁制剂（90%）、头痛/疼痛/关节炎药物（68%）和抗恶心/呕吐药物（40%）。分娩期间最常用的药物是缩宫素（73%）、哌替啶（33%）和异丙嗪（25%）。在此期间使用强效麻醉剂在某些情况下会导致新生儿呼吸抑制。产后最常开具的四种药物是维生素K1（100%）、庆大霉素（10%）、氨苄西林（8%）和多种维生素（6%）。对母亲的访谈表明，大多数母亲并未意识到许多药物可能对胎儿产生的影响。建议药剂师在分娩前对产妇进行用药访谈。
