Russell M B, Rasmussen B K, Fenger K, Olesen J
Department of Neurology, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Cephalalgia. 1996 Jun;16(4):239-45. doi: 10.1046/j.1468-2982.1996.1604239.x.
The clinical characteristics of migraine without aura (MO) and migraine with aura (MA) were compared in 484 migraineurs from the general population. We used the criteria of the International Headache Society. The lifetime prevalence of MO was 14.7% with a M:F ratio of 1:2.2; that of MA was 7.9% with a M:F ratio of 1:1.5. The female preponderance was significant in both MO and MA. The female preponderance was present in all age groups in MA, but was first apparent after menarche in MO, suggesting that female hormones are an initiating factor in MO, but not likely so in MA. The age at onset of MO followed a normal distribution, whereas the age at onset of MA was bimodally distributed, which could be explained by a composition of two normal distributions. The estimated separation between the two groups of MA was at age 26 years among the females and age 31 years among the males. The observed number of persons with co-occurrence of MO and MA was not significantly different from the expected number. The specificity and importance of premonitory symptoms are questioned, but prospective studies are needed. Bright light was a precipitating factor in MA, but not in MO. Menstruation was a precipitating factor in MO, but not likely in MA. Both MO and MA improved during pregnancy. The clinical differences indicate that MO and MA are distinct entities.
我们对484名普通人群中的偏头痛患者的无先兆偏头痛（MO）和有先兆偏头痛（MA）的临床特征进行了比较。我们采用了国际头痛协会的标准。MO的终生患病率为14.7%，男女比例为1:2.2；MA的终生患病率为7.9%，男女比例为1:1.5。女性优势在MO和MA中均很显著。在MA中，所有年龄组均存在女性优势，但在MO中初潮后才首次明显，这表明女性激素是MO的起始因素，但在MA中不太可能如此。MO的发病年龄呈正态分布，而MA的发病年龄呈双峰分布，这可以用两个正态分布的组合来解释。两组MA之间的估计分离年龄在女性中为26岁，在男性中为31岁。观察到的MO和MA共病患者数量与预期数量无显著差异。先兆症状的特异性和重要性受到质疑，但需要进行前瞻性研究。强光在MA中是诱发因素，但在MO中不是。月经在MO中是诱发因素，但在MA中不太可能是。MO和MA在孕期均有所改善。临床差异表明MO和MA是不同的实体。
