Smith S L
Clinical Center Nursing Department, National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 1996 Jun;23(5):771-8.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To examine how physical exercise can enhance the quality of life (QOL) of people with cancer and to provide general guidelines for incorporating exercise into care plans for these patients.
Published and nonpublished medical, nursing, rehabilitation, and physical exercise literature.
Including physical exercise in the care plans of people with cancer can enhance their QOL. The development of an individualized exercise plan for patients with cancer involves screening, assessment, prescription, goal setting, evaluation, and communication. The success of wellness-oriented interventions, such as exercise, can be evaluated with patient diaries, monitoring, and a QOL measurement tool.
Physical exercise can positively influence all dimensions of life. Nurses must use sound clinical judgment and creativity and collaborate with other healthcare disciplines when prescribing exercise. Established exercise protocols for people with cancer are limited, and further research is needed in this area.
Oncology nurses must continue to expand the literature on guidelines and precautions for exercise in oncology populations. Nurses need to use their knowledge of oncology, QOL, and exercise to recommend and encourage the incorporation of physical exercise into the care plans of people with cancer.
目的/目标：探讨体育锻炼如何提高癌症患者的生活质量（QOL），并为将锻炼纳入这些患者的护理计划提供总体指导方针。
已发表和未发表的医学、护理、康复及体育锻炼文献。
将体育锻炼纳入癌症患者的护理计划可提高其生活质量。为癌症患者制定个性化锻炼计划包括筛查、评估、处方、目标设定、评估及沟通。以健康为导向的干预措施（如锻炼）的成效可用患者日记、监测及生活质量测量工具进行评估。
体育锻炼可对生活的各个方面产生积极影响。护士在开具锻炼处方时必须运用合理的临床判断力和创造力，并与其他医疗学科协作。针对癌症患者的既定锻炼方案有限，该领域需要进一步研究。
肿瘤护士必须继续扩充有关肿瘤患者锻炼指南及预防措施的文献。护士需运用其肿瘤学、生活质量及锻炼方面的知识，推荐并鼓励将体育锻炼纳入癌症患者的护理计划。
