Cox K L, Puddey I B, Morton A R, Burke V, Beilin L J, McAleer M
Department of Human Movement, University of Western Australia.
J Hypertens. 1996 Jun;14(6):779-90. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199606000-00015.
To examine whether restriction of caloric intake and exercise of vigorous intensity can independently and additively influence clinic and ambulatory blood pressures in sedentary overweight men.
Sixty subjects aged 20-50 years were randomly allocated either to continue their normal caloric intake or to restrict it by 4186-6279 kl/day, with 15% provided by protein, 30% by fat and 55% by carbohydrate, for 16 weeks. Within each of these groups subjects were further randomly allocated either to a control light intensity programme of exercise or to a vigorous intensity programme of exercise for 30 min three times a week. The light exercise group performed stationary cycling against no resistance, flexibility exercises and slow walking. The vigorous intensity group cycled on an ergometer at 60-70% of maximum their workload.
Fifty-one subjects completed the study. Their maximal oxygen uptake was increased by approximately 24% with vigorous exercise but did not change with light exercise. Caloric intake restriction led to a significant loss of body mass of 9.5 kg (95% confidence interval 7.6-11.3), whereas vigorous exercise had no effect. Restriction of caloric intake reduced supine clinic systolic and diastolic blood pressures significantly by 5.6 (2.3-8.9) and 2.4 mmHg (0.4-4.2), respectively. Relative to the control light exercise group, exercise of vigorous intensity exercise had no significant effect on clinic blood pressure. In contrast, time series analysis revealed that both caloric intake restriction and vigorous exercise were associated with lower daytime ambulatory systolic blood pressure, the reduction in systolic blood pressure being sustained throughout the 24 h period when vigorous exercise and caloric intake restriction were combined.
Compared with the effects of caloric intake restriction, the effects of a vigorous exercise programme on blood pressure are inconsistent, there being no influence on clinic blood pressure but a reduction in daytime ambulatory blood pressure. However, when combined with caloric intake restriction, regular vigorous exercise exhibits a synergistic effect in reducing ambulatory blood pressure throughout a 24 h period.
研究热量摄入限制和高强度运动是否能独立且相加地影响久坐不动的超重男性的临床血压和动态血压。
60名年龄在20至50岁之间的受试者被随机分配，要么继续正常热量摄入，要么将热量摄入限制在每天4186 - 6279千焦，其中15%由蛋白质提供，30%由脂肪提供，55%由碳水化合物提供，为期16周。在这些组中的每一组内，受试者进一步被随机分配到一个轻度运动强度的对照运动计划或一个高强度运动计划，每周进行三次，每次30分钟。轻度运动组进行无阻力的固定自行车运动、柔韧性练习和慢走。高强度运动组在测力计上以其最大工作量的60 - 70%进行骑行。
51名受试者完成了研究。高强度运动使他们的最大摄氧量增加了约24%，而轻度运动则没有变化。热量摄入限制导致体重显著减轻9.5千克（95%置信区间7.6 - 11.3），而高强度运动没有效果。热量摄入限制使仰卧位临床收缩压和舒张压分别显著降低5.6（2.3 - 8.9）和2.4毫米汞柱（0.4 - 4.2）。相对于对照轻度运动组，高强度运动对临床血压没有显著影响。相比之下，时间序列分析显示，热量摄入限制和高强度运动都与较低的日间动态收缩压相关，当高强度运动和热量摄入限制相结合时，收缩压的降低在整个24小时期间持续存在。
与热量摄入限制的效果相比，高强度运动计划对血压的影响并不一致，对临床血压没有影响，但能降低日间动态血压。然而，当与热量摄入限制相结合时，规律的高强度运动在降低24小时动态血压方面表现出协同作用。
