Cox K L, Puddey I B, Morton A R, Beilin L J, Vandongen R, Masarei J R
Department of Medicine, University of Western Australia.
J Hypertens. 1993 Feb;11(2):191-201. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199302000-00012.
To determine whether vigorous exercise and alcohol restriction have additive and independent effects in reducing blood pressure in sedentary male alcohol drinkers. Also to assess whether 4 weeks of vigorous exercise could offset the fall in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) usually observed after alcohol restriction.
Seventy-five sedentary men were randomly assigned to drink low-alcohol beer or continue their normal drinking habits. Within these two groups subjects were further assigned either to a vigorous exercise programme of three 30-min sessions a week of cycling at 60-70% of maximum workload or to a control light-exercise programme.
Seventy-two subjects completed the trial. Alcohol consumption fell by 85% in the low-alcohol group. Fitness increased by 10% following vigorous exercise, with a significant improvement in maximum oxygen uptake. After adjustment for weight loss, a significant effect of alcohol restriction in reducing both systolic and diastolic blood pressure was demonstrated. There was no effect of vigorous exercise on blood pressure. Serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were not influenced by alcohol restriction or vigorous exercise. However, alcohol restriction significantly reduced triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, its subfractions HDL2-cholesterol and HDL3-cholesterol, and its major apolipoproteins apo A-I and apo A-II. These reductions were unaffected by moderate exercise.
This study provides further evidence that alcohol restriction results in reductions in blood pressure in men who are regular alcohol drinkers. However, a simultaneous increase in fitness did not lead to lower blood pressures than those achieved with alcohol restriction alone, and was unable to offset alcohol-related falls in HDL-cholesterol, its subfractions and its major apolipoproteins.
确定剧烈运动和限制饮酒对久坐不动的男性饮酒者降低血压是否具有累加和独立作用。同时评估4周的剧烈运动能否抵消通常在限制饮酒后观察到的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-胆固醇）下降。
75名久坐不动的男性被随机分配饮用低酒精啤酒或继续其正常饮酒习惯。在这两组受试者中，再进一步将其分配到一个剧烈运动计划组，即每周进行三次30分钟的骑行，运动强度为最大工作量的60%-70%，或分配到一个对照性轻度运动计划组。
72名受试者完成了试验。低酒精组的酒精摄入量下降了85%。剧烈运动后身体素质提高了10%，最大摄氧量有显著改善。在对体重减轻进行调整后，证实了限制饮酒对降低收缩压和舒张压有显著作用。剧烈运动对血压没有影响。血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白B不受限制饮酒或剧烈运动的影响。然而，限制饮酒显著降低了甘油三酯、HDL-胆固醇、其亚组分HDL2-胆固醇和HDL3-胆固醇，以及其主要载脂蛋白apo A-I和apo A-II。这些降低不受适度运动的影响。
本研究进一步证明，限制饮酒可使经常饮酒的男性血压降低。然而，同时提高身体素质并没有比单纯限制饮酒导致更低的血压，并且无法抵消与酒精相关的HDL-胆固醇及其亚组分和主要载脂蛋白的下降。
