Dahl J L
Department of Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Medical School, USA.
Clin Geriatr Med. 1996 May;12(2):279-300.
Pharmacologic therapy is the mainstay of pain management in the terminally ill cancer patient. Upwards of 90% of the pain of cancer can be controlled by relatively simple means (i.e. oral, rectal, or transdermal analgesics). More invasive procedures may be needed in a small percentage of patients. Effective management of pain in the elderly requires recognition of age-related changes in drug pharmacokinetics and an awareness of drug side effects that may be particularly problematic in older patients. Careful attention to the basic principles of drug use in the elderly will enhance effective pain management and quality of life.
药物治疗是晚期癌症患者疼痛管理的主要手段。高达90%的癌症疼痛可以通过相对简单的方法（即口服、直肠或透皮镇痛药）得到控制。一小部分患者可能需要更具侵入性的治疗方法。对老年人疼痛的有效管理需要认识到与年龄相关的药物药代动力学变化，并意识到某些药物副作用在老年患者中可能尤其成问题。认真关注老年人用药的基本原则将提高疼痛管理的有效性和生活质量。
