Craig S R, Wallace W H, Ramesar K C, Cameron E W
Department of Thoracic Surgery, City Hospital, Edinburgh.
Hepatogastroenterology. 1996 May-Jun;43(9):519-20.
Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus, first recognized as a primary tumor by de la Pava et al. in 1963, is rare. It usually presents as an aggressive polypoidal darkly colored or non-pigmented tumor in the mid to lower esophagus which may be diagnosed preoperatively by the use of immunohistochemical stains such as HMB-45 (melanoma specific antigen). The treatment of choice is surgical resection however the overall prognosis is poor with only 4 per cent of patients surviving 5 years.
原发性食管恶性黑色素瘤于1963年由德拉帕瓦等人首次确认为原发性肿瘤，较为罕见。它通常表现为食管中下段的侵袭性息肉样深色或无色素肿瘤，可通过使用免疫组织化学染色如HMB - 45（黑色素瘤特异性抗原）进行术前诊断。首选治疗方法是手术切除，但总体预后较差，只有4%的患者能存活5年。
