Gregersen N P, Brehmer B, Morén B
Swedish Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Linköping, Sweden.
Accid Anal Prev. 1996 May;28(3):297-306. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(95)00060-7.
Road accidents among professional drivers are a major problem in many companies. There are several traditional measures for improving safety, but knowledge about what measures are most effective is rather limited. The aim of the study is to compare four different measures for reducing accident involvement through changed driver behaviour. The measures are driver training, group discussions, campaigns and bonuses for accident free driving. Five groups of approximately 900 drivers each employed by the Swedish telephone company "Televerket" have been used in the experiment. Four of the groups were test groups, where each took part in one of the measures. The fifth group was a control group. The effect on accident risk (accidents in relation to mileage) and accident costs have been calculated for a period of 2 years after the measures were applied. The results show that group discussions and driver training with the rather unusual design used in the experiment succeeded in improving the accident risk compared to the control group. Accident costs were reduced in all four test groups, but not in the control group.
职业司机的道路交通事故是许多公司面临的一个主要问题。有几种传统的安全改进措施，但对于哪些措施最有效，相关知识相当有限。本研究的目的是比较四种不同的措施，通过改变司机行为来减少事故发生率。这些措施包括司机培训、小组讨论、宣传活动以及无事故驾驶奖金。瑞典电话公司 “Televerket” 雇佣的五组司机，每组约900人，参与了该实验。其中四组为测试组，每组参与一种措施。第五组为对照组。在采取措施后的两年时间里，计算了对事故风险（事故与里程数的关系）和事故成本的影响。结果表明，与对照组相比，实验中采用的设计颇为独特的小组讨论和司机培训成功降低了事故风险。所有四个测试组的事故成本都有所降低，但对照组没有。
