Naumov G I, Naumova E S, Turakainen H, Korhola M
State Institute for Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms, Moscow, Russia.
Genet Res. 1996 Apr;67(2):101-8. doi: 10.1017/s0016672300033565.
In this report we mapped a new MEL11 gene and summarize our population studies of the alpha-galactosidase MEL genes of S. cerevisiae. The unique family of structural MEL genes has undergone rapid translocations to the telomeres of most chromosomes in some specific Saccharomyces cerevisiae populations inhabiting olive oil processing waste (alpechin) and animal intestines. A comparative study of MEL genes in wine, pathogenic and alpechin populations of S. cerevisiae was conducted using genetic hybridization analysis, molecular karyotyping and Southern hybridization with the MEL1 probe. Five polymeric genes for the fermentation of melibiose, MEL3, MEL4, MEL6, MEL7, MEL11, were identified in an alpechin strain CBS 3081. The new MEL11 gene was mapped by tetrad analysis to the left telomeric region of chromosome I. In contrast, in wine and pathogenic populations of S. cerevisiae, MEL genes have been apparently eliminated. Their rare Mel+ strains carry only one of the MEL1, MEL2, or MEL8 genes. One clinical strain YJM273 was heterozygotic on the MEL1 gene; its mel1(0) allele did not have a sequence of the gene.
在本报告中，我们定位了一个新的MEL11基因，并总结了我们对酿酒酵母α-半乳糖苷酶MEL基因的群体研究。在居住于橄榄油加工废料（alpechin）和动物肠道的一些特定酿酒酵母群体中，独特的结构MEL基因家族已迅速易位至大多数染色体的端粒。利用遗传杂交分析、分子核型分析以及用MEL1探针进行的Southern杂交，对酿酒酵母在葡萄酒、致病和alpechin群体中的MEL基因进行了比较研究。在一株alpechin菌株CBS 3081中鉴定出了五个用于蜜二糖发酵的多聚基因，即MEL3、MEL4、MEL6、MEL7、MEL11。通过四分体分析将新的MEL11基因定位到了染色体I的左端粒区域。相比之下，在酿酒酵母的葡萄酒和致病群体中，MEL基因显然已被消除。它们罕见的Mel+菌株仅携带MEL1、MEL2或MEL8基因中的一个。一个临床菌株YJM273在MEL1基因上是杂合的；其mel1(0)等位基因没有该基因的序列。
