Hancock R E, Hawkins R J
Steadman-Hawkins Clinic, Vail, CO, USA.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996 Sep(330):84-97. doi: 10.1097/00003086-199609000-00011.
In the complex movement that makes up the baseball pitch, shoulder motion is a single link in an orderly chain of events. It can be argued, though, that herein lies the weakest link and by far the most commonly affected cog in the spectrum of overuse injuries in pitchers. Just why the shoulder receives the brunt of the stress has been the subject of numerous studies in the past several years. The tools of choice in many of these articles have been electromyography and high speed photography which have enabled researchers to study dynamically the phases of the pitch and the sequential firing of the muscles involved. With this information and the knowledge gained from studies looking at muscle activity during specific exercises, the clinician should be able to tailor a rehabilitation program that meets the needs of his or her patient. What has been learned from these articles as applied to the biomechanics of the pitch and the rehabilitation of the athlete who throws and the limitations of this form of study need to be clarified.
在构成棒球投球动作的复杂运动中，肩部运动是一系列有序事件中的一个环节。然而，可以说这里是最薄弱的环节，也是投手过度使用损伤谱系中受影响最普遍的部分。究竟为何肩部承受了大部分压力，在过去几年里一直是众多研究的主题。许多此类文章中所选用的工具是肌电图和高速摄影，它们使研究人员能够动态地研究投球的各个阶段以及相关肌肉的顺序性收缩。有了这些信息以及从特定练习期间肌肉活动研究中获得的知识，临床医生应该能够制定出满足其患者需求的康复计划。需要阐明从这些文章中学到的、应用于投球生物力学以及投掷运动员康复方面的内容，以及这种研究形式的局限性。
