Haar G T, Chadzynski L
Arch Environ Health. 1979 May-Jun;34(3):145-50. doi: 10.1080/00039896.1979.10667386.
The findings of this report are based on data from 1309 children living near three heavily traveled streets in Detroit. This study was designed to determine the most probable reasons for elevated blood lead levels in young children. The authors used a linear multivariate regression to evaluate the effects of distance from the highway, age and sex of the child, and housing condition. The authors found that the distance the child lived from the highway did not have a measurable affect on blood lead level. Housing condition played the most important role in determining blood lead level. Poorer housing caused a higher average blood lead level and caused the blood lead distribution to skew, giving a significantly greater number of blood leads over 40 micrograms/100 ml. Age also was important in determining blood lead level. There was a decrease of about 1 micrograms/100 for each increase of one year in the child's age. Sex also appeared to play a small role. In all three areas of the study, blood lead levels were slightly higher in girls than in boys. This study shows, as many have before, that the primary cause of the lead problem with children can be greatly diminished by improved housing.
本报告的研究结果基于底特律三条交通繁忙街道附近1309名儿童的数据。本研究旨在确定幼儿血铅水平升高的最可能原因。作者使用线性多元回归来评估距高速公路的距离、儿童的年龄和性别以及住房条件的影响。作者发现，儿童居住距高速公路的距离对血铅水平没有可测量的影响。住房条件在决定血铅水平方面起着最重要的作用。较差的住房导致平均血铅水平较高，并导致血铅分布出现偏差，使得血铅水平超过40微克/100毫升的人数显著增多。年龄在决定血铅水平方面也很重要。儿童年龄每增加一岁，血铅水平约降低1微克/100毫升。性别似乎也起了很小的作用。在研究的所有三个区域，女孩的血铅水平略高于男孩。正如之前许多研究一样，本研究表明，改善住房条件可以大大减少儿童铅问题的主要原因。
