Taylor J A, Cufley D
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-6320, USA.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1996 Jan;35(1):18-22. doi: 10.1177/000992289603500104.
To determine the association between parental health beliefs and the immunization status of their children, parents of children seen in two private pediatric practices completed a questionnaire on attitudes about immunizations. Five components of health beliefs were surveyed: perceived benefits of immunizations, susceptibility to diseases prevented by immunizations, severity of those diseases, parental feelings of self-efficacy in promoting their child's health, and barriers to immunization. Responses to the health-beliefs statements were transformed to an ordinal scale between 1 and 6, with "6" corresponding to strongly positive feelings about immunizations. Immunization data were abstracted from practice medical records. Overall, 162/194 (83.3%) study children were fully immunized. There were no significant differences between parents of fully immunized children and those of under-immunized children in total health-beliefs score or for the benefits, susceptibility, severity, or barriers components. Self-efficacy scores were significantly higher among parents of fully immunized children (P = 0.019); however, this was largely due to differences in the subgroup of children of mothers with lower education levels. The results of this study suggest that among parents of children followed by private pediatricians, health beliefs do not significantly influence immunization status.
为了确定父母的健康观念与其子女免疫接种状况之间的关联，在两家私立儿科诊所就诊儿童的父母完成了一份关于免疫接种态度的调查问卷。调查了健康观念的五个组成部分：免疫接种的感知益处、对免疫接种可预防疾病的易感性、这些疾病的严重程度、父母促进孩子健康的自我效能感以及免疫接种的障碍。对健康观念陈述的回答被转换为1至6的有序量表，“6”对应对免疫接种的强烈积极感受。免疫接种数据从诊所病历中提取。总体而言，162/194（83.3%）的研究儿童完成了全程免疫接种。在总健康观念得分或益处、易感性、严重程度或障碍等组成部分方面，完成全程免疫接种儿童的父母与未充分免疫接种儿童的父母之间没有显著差异。完成全程免疫接种儿童的父母的自我效能感得分显著更高（P = 0.019）；然而，这在很大程度上是由于母亲教育水平较低的儿童亚组中的差异。这项研究的结果表明，在私立儿科医生随访的儿童的父母中，健康观念不会显著影响免疫接种状况。
