Severson A R, Ingram R T, Fitzpatrick L A
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Minnesota, Duluth 55812, USA.
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 1995 Dec;31(11):853-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02634569.
Atherosclerotic lesions are composed of cellular elements that have migrated from the vessel lumen and wall to form the cellular component of the developing plaque. The cellular elements are influenced by various growth-regulatory molecules, cytokines, chemoattractants, and vasoregulatory molecules that regulate the synthesis of the extracellular matrix composing the plaque. Because vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) constitute the major cellular elements of the atherosclerotic plaque and are thought to be responsible for the extracellular matrix that becomes calcified in mature plaques, immunostaining for collagenous and noncollagenous proteins typically associated with bone matrix was conducted on VSMC grown in vitro. VSMC obtained from human aorta were grown in chambers on glass slides and immunostained for procollagen type I, bone sialoprotein, osteonectin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, decorin, and biglycan. VSMC demonstrated an intense staining for procollagen type I, and a moderately intense staining for the noncollagenous proteins, bone sialoprotein and osteonectin, two proteins closely associated with bone mineralization. Minimal immunostaining was noted for osteocalcin, osteopontin, decorin, and biglycan. The presence in VSMC of collagenous and noncollagenous proteins associated with bone mineralization suggest that the smooth muscle cells in the developing atherosclerotic plaque play an important role in the deposition of the extracellular matrix involved in calcification of developing lesions.
动脉粥样硬化病变由从血管腔和血管壁迁移而来的细胞成分组成，这些细胞成分形成了正在形成的斑块的细胞成分。细胞成分受到各种生长调节分子、细胞因子、趋化因子和血管调节分子的影响，这些分子调节构成斑块的细胞外基质的合成。由于血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC）构成了动脉粥样硬化斑块的主要细胞成分，并被认为与成熟斑块中钙化的细胞外基质有关，因此对体外培养的VSMC进行了通常与骨基质相关的胶原和非胶原蛋白质的免疫染色。从人主动脉获得的VSMC在载玻片上的培养室中生长，并对I型前胶原、骨唾液蛋白、骨连接蛋白、骨钙素、骨桥蛋白、核心蛋白聚糖和双糖链蛋白聚糖进行免疫染色。VSMC对I型前胶原呈现强烈染色，对非胶原蛋白质骨唾液蛋白和骨连接蛋白呈现中度强烈染色，这两种蛋白质与骨矿化密切相关。骨钙素、骨桥蛋白、核心蛋白聚糖和双糖链蛋白聚糖的免疫染色最少。VSMC中存在与骨矿化相关胶原和非胶原蛋白质，这表明正在形成的动脉粥样硬化斑块中的平滑肌细胞在参与病变发展钙化的细胞外基质沉积中起重要作用。
