Lord S R, Clark R D
Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute, Randwick, N.S.W., Australia.
Gerontology. 1996;42(4):199-203. doi: 10.1159/000213793.
A 1-year prospective study was conducted in an intermediate care institution to determine whether a combined assessment of physiological and clinical measures discriminates between elderly fallers and elderly nonfallers. Seventy persons aged between 72 and 96 years (mean 85.6), who were generally independent in activities of daily living, took part in the study, and 66 were available to follow-up. In the follow-up year, 24 subjects experienced no falls, 20 subjects fell one time only and 22 residents fell on two or more occasions. Discriminant analysis identified reaction time, body sway, quadriceps strength, tactile sensitivity, gait impairment, cognitive impairment, psychoactive drug use and age as the variables that significantly discriminated between subjects who experienced falls and those who did not. This procedure correctly classified 86% of subjects into faller and nonfaller groups. These findings suggest that an assessment that combines physiological and clinical factors provides excellent discrimination between elderly fallers and nonfallers.
在一家中级护理机构进行了一项为期1年的前瞻性研究，以确定生理和临床指标的综合评估能否区分老年跌倒者和非跌倒者。70名年龄在72至96岁之间（平均85.6岁）、日常生活基本自理的老人参与了该研究，其中66人可进行随访。在随访的一年中，24名受试者未发生跌倒，20名受试者仅跌倒过一次，22名居民跌倒过两次或更多次。判别分析确定反应时间、身体摆动、股四头肌力量、触觉敏感度、步态障碍、认知障碍、精神活性药物使用和年龄是跌倒者和未跌倒者之间有显著差异的变量。该方法将86%的受试者正确分类为跌倒者组和非跌倒者组。这些发现表明，结合生理和临床因素的评估能够很好地区分老年跌倒者和非跌倒者。
