Lobo A, Garcia-Campayo J, Campos R, Marcos G, Perez-Echeverria M J
Br J Psychiatry. 1996 Mar;168(3):344-8. doi: 10.1192/bjp.168.3.344.
This is the first attempt to study the prevalence and clinical characteristics of somatisation (ST) in a representative primary care sample in Spain.
The sample consisted of 1559 consecutive patients attending eight randomly selected health centres in Zaragoza, Spain, examined by two-phase screening. First phase (lay interviewers): Spanish versions of GHQ-28, CAGE questionnaire, substance abuse, Mini-Mental State Examination. Second phase (research clinicians and psychiatrists): Standardised Polyvalent Psychiatric Interview, which permits the reliable coding of Bridges & Goldberg's ST criteria.
The prevalence of somatisers was 9.4% (34.5% of the cases) and most patients (68.7%) were diagnosed in the depression or anxiety DSM-IV categories. The severity was moderate in 401% and 66.6% were chronic (six or more months). No significant demographic differences were found with non-cases. Backache was the most frequent somatic presentation (71.4+%).
ST in primary care is a much broader phenomenon than categories such as somatoform disorders reflect. It may be less influenced by sociodemographic factors, but more chronic than previously reported.
这是首次在西班牙具有代表性的初级保健样本中研究躯体化（ST）的患病率及临床特征。
样本包括西班牙萨拉戈萨随机选取的8个健康中心的1559例连续就诊患者，通过两阶段筛查进行检查。第一阶段（外行人访谈员）：使用西班牙文版的一般健康问卷-28（GHQ-28）、CAGE问卷、药物滥用情况、简易精神状态检查表。第二阶段（研究临床医生和精神科医生）：标准化多价精神病学访谈，可对布里奇斯和戈德堡的ST标准进行可靠编码。
躯体化患者的患病率为9.4%（占病例的34.5%），大多数患者（68.7%）被诊断为符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）中的抑郁或焦虑类别。病情严重程度为中度的占40.1%，66.6%为慢性（六个月或更长时间）。与非病例相比，未发现显著的人口统计学差异。背痛是最常见的躯体症状（71.4%以上）。
初级保健中的ST是一种比躯体形式障碍等类别所反映的更为广泛的现象。它可能受社会人口统计学因素的影响较小，但比之前报道的情况更具慢性。
