García-Campayo J, Lobo A, Pérez-Echeverría M J, Campos R
Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1998 Sep;186(9):554-60. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199809000-00006.
The objective of this paper is to study the prevalence and clinical characteristics of functional, hypochondriacal, and presenting somatization (FSTS, HSTS, and PSTS, respectively) defined by standardized criteria, as well as the validity of their distinction in primary care in Spain. A two-stage epidemiological study of a representative sample (N = 1559) of primary care patients was carried out. In the first phase, the validated Spanish versions of General Health Questionnaire, Mini-Mental State Examination, and CAGE were used. In the second phase, the Standardized Polyvalent Psychiatric Interview, an interview for the multiaxial assessment of medical patients, was employed. The prevalence of any form of somatization in Spain was 21.3% (FSTS: 16.2%, PSTS: 9.4%, HSTS: 6.7%). Overlap of any of the three clinical forms was very frequent (42.7%). FSTS patients tended to be more chronic and showed higher scores in fatigue but lower scores in both depression and anxiety. Chronicity was frequent among somatizers, particularly in those who fulfilled more than one kind of somatization. Differences in diagnostic distribution among the three groups were also observed. In conclusion, this is the first study giving support to the validity of the distinction among three types of somatization in Spain, but overlap was more frequent than reported in North American studies.
本文的目的是研究分别由标准化标准定义的功能性、疑病性和表现性躯体化（分别为FSTS、HSTS和PSTS）的患病率及临床特征，以及它们在西班牙初级保健中区分的有效性。对初级保健患者的代表性样本（N = 1559）进行了两阶段的流行病学研究。在第一阶段，使用了经过验证的西班牙文版一般健康问卷、简易精神状态检查表和CAGE问卷。在第二阶段，采用了标准化多价精神病学访谈，这是一种用于对医疗患者进行多轴评估的访谈。西班牙任何形式的躯体化患病率为21.3%（FSTS：16.2%，PSTS：9.4%，HSTS：6.7%）。三种临床形式中的任何一种重叠都非常常见（42.7%）。FSTS患者往往病程更长，在疲劳方面得分更高，但在抑郁和焦虑方面得分更低。躯体化者中病程长很常见，尤其是那些符合不止一种躯体化类型的人。三组之间在诊断分布上也存在差异。总之，这是第一项支持西班牙三种躯体化类型区分有效性的研究，但重叠比北美研究报告的更为频繁。
