Yamasaki T
Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Promotion, Nagasaki University School of Medicine.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 1995 Dec;42(12):1042-53.
The relationships of change in body mass index (BMI) on blood pressure, blood and serum tests, and of life style, working posture and job category on change in BMI after age twenty were investigated in a cross sectional study. A total of 771 male employees aged 21 or older (mean age 29.9 +/- 9.1 years) of a semiconductor factory were examined in December 1993. BMI change of each subject was expressed as percent increase after age twenty. BMI value at age twenty was calculated from self-reported body weight at twenty and height measured at the 1993 health examination. Prevalences of high blood pressure (systolic blood pressure > or = 160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > or = 95 mmHg), high blood pressure including borderline hypertension (systolic blood pressure > or = 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > or = 90 mmHg) and abnormal values of serum GOT, GPT, gamma-GPT, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, uric acid and fasting blood glucose were greater in the high BMI change group than in the low BMI change group (Chi-square test, P < 0.1). With the exception of hypertension, these associations remained virtually unchanged after adjusting for age, alcoholic consumption, smoking habits and BMI at 20 years of age by multiple logistic regression analysis. After adjustment for age by the Mantel-Henszael method, increases in BMI after 20 years of age were positively associated with the following eight items (p < 0.05): shorter standing time, shorter walking time, lower meal skipping frequency, shorter meal time, longer sitting time during work, larger meal size, greater frequency of salad consumption, and sedentary work such as clerk and engineer. Greater rice consumption and higher frequency of instant foods consumption were weakly associated with the increase in BMI (0.05 < p < 0.1). Job categories such as clerk and engineer were significantly associated with longer sitting time and shorter meal time, resulting in greater BMI increase after 20 years of age. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that shorter standing time, shorter meal time, larger meal size, greater frequency of instant foods consumption and greater frequency of salad consumption were independently correlated with the increase in BMI (p < 0.05). Larger rice consumption was slightly correlated with increasing BMI (0.05 < p < 0.1). This study showed that job category, working posture and food intake patterns were strongly associated with BMI change after age 20 in young male workers. This study provides useful information for health care and health promotion programs in young male workers.
在一项横断面研究中，调查了20岁以后体重指数（BMI）变化与血压、血液及血清检测指标之间的关系，以及生活方式、工作姿势和工作类别与BMI变化之间的关系。1993年12月，对一家半导体工厂的771名年龄在21岁及以上（平均年龄29.9±9.1岁）的男性员工进行了检查。每个受试者的BMI变化表示为20岁以后的百分比增加。20岁时的BMI值根据20岁时自我报告的体重和1993年健康检查时测量的身高计算得出。高BMI变化组中高血压（收缩压≥160 mmHg或舒张压≥95 mmHg）、包括临界高血压（收缩压≥140 mmHg或舒张压≥90 mmHg）的患病率以及血清谷草转氨酶（GOT）、谷丙转氨酶（GPT）、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（gamma-GPT）、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、尿酸和空腹血糖的异常值均高于低BMI变化组（卡方检验，P<0.1）。除高血压外，在通过多因素逻辑回归分析对年龄、饮酒量、吸烟习惯和20岁时的BMI进行校正后，这些关联基本保持不变。通过Mantel-Henszael方法对年龄进行校正后，20岁以后BMI的增加与以下八项因素呈正相关（p<0.05）：站立时间缩短、步行时间缩短、进餐跳过频率降低、进餐时间缩短、工作期间坐姿时间延长、进餐量增大、沙拉消费频率增加以及文职和工程师等久坐工作。大米消费量增加和即食食品消费频率提高与BMI增加呈弱相关（0.05<p<0.1）。文职和工程师等工作类别与坐姿时间延长和进餐时间缩短显著相关，导致20岁以后BMI增加幅度更大。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，站立时间缩短、进餐时间缩短、进餐量增大、即食食品消费频率增加和沙拉消费频率增加与BMI增加独立相关（p<0.05）。大米消费量增加与BMI增加呈轻微相关（0.05<p<0.1）。本研究表明，工作类别、工作姿势和食物摄入模式与年轻男性工人20岁以后的BMI变化密切相关。本研究为年轻男性工人的医疗保健和健康促进计划提供了有用信息。
