Lencz T, Raine A, Sheard C
Hillside Hospital Division, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Department of Research, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA.
Int J Psychophysiol. 1996 Jun-Jul;22(3):141-53. doi: 10.1016/0167-8760(96)00024-4.
Schizophrenics and other psychiatric patients have been found to have a high incidence of electrodermal hypo-responding. Different neural mechanisms may underlie hypo-responding in these groups. The present study utilized cluster analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electrodermal orienting data to examine the neuroanatomical correlates of electrodermal hypo-responding in 15 schizophrenics, 15 psychiatric controls (predominately affective disorders), and 15 normal controls. The number of electrodermal responses was recorded during a standard orienting paradigm. MRI scans were obtained, yielding area measures for the pre-frontal cortex and lateral ventricle-brain ratios (VBRs). The number of electrodermal orienting responses and the MRI measures were transformed into zeta-scores and entered into an agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis, which yielded three clusters. A 3 x 3 Chi-square analysis revealed that the three clusters significantly differed according to diagnostic group. Analyses of variance (ANOVAs) revealed that the first two clusters had significantly fewer electrodermal orienting responses than the third cluster (predominately normals). Further, the first cluster (predominately schizophrenics) had significantly smaller frontal lobes than the other two clusters. Additionally, the three normals in the first cluster had relatively high levels of schizotypy. The second cluster (predominately affective disorders) had significantly larger VBRs than the other two clusters. Schizophrenics in the three clusters differed with respect to gender composition and positive symptoms. Thus, diminished pre-frontal area may underlie electrodermal hypo-responding in a subgroup of schizophrenics and schizotypals, while enlarged ventricles may underlie the same phenomenon in the affective disorders and another subgroup of schizophrenics.
已发现精神分裂症患者及其他精神疾病患者存在高比例的皮肤电反应低下情况。这些群体中反应低下可能存在不同的神经机制。本研究利用磁共振成像（MRI）聚类分析和皮肤电定向数据，来检查15名精神分裂症患者、15名精神科对照者（主要为情感障碍患者）和15名正常对照者中皮肤电反应低下的神经解剖学关联。在标准定向范式期间记录皮肤电反应的次数。获取MRI扫描图像，得出前额叶皮质面积测量值和侧脑室 - 脑比率（VBRs）。将皮肤电定向反应次数和MRI测量值转换为Z分数，并进行凝聚层次聚类分析，得出三个聚类。3×3卡方分析表明，这三个聚类在诊断组方面存在显著差异。方差分析（ANOVA）显示，前两个聚类的皮肤电定向反应次数明显少于第三个聚类（主要为正常人）。此外，第一个聚类（主要为精神分裂症患者）的额叶明显小于其他两个聚类。此外，第一个聚类中的三名正常人具有相对较高水平的分裂型人格特质。第二个聚类（主要为情感障碍患者）的VBRs明显大于其他两个聚类。三个聚类中的精神分裂症患者在性别构成和阳性症状方面存在差异。因此，前额叶面积减小可能是一部分精神分裂症患者和分裂型人格者皮肤电反应低下的基础，而脑室扩大可能是情感障碍患者和另一部分精神分裂症患者出现相同现象的基础。
