Aaltonen M V
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Occupational Safety, Vantaa, Finland.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1996 Jun;22(3):197-203. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.131.
The purpose of the study was to determine the types of occupational injuries that occur in the Finnish furniture industry and to see whether they differ as regards production type and company size.
During a one-year registration period accident events, the actual and potential severity of the injuries, the causes of the accidents, and the measures needed to prevent such accidents were examined in 18 Finnish furniture factories of different types. An analysis of covariance determined the variables affecting the actual and potential severity of the injuries.
The 214 accidents registered were lost-time injuries; two of them resulted in slight partial loss of fingertips. The disabling injury rate was 14.4 per 100 workers per year. Wooden furniture production and kitchen cupboard production in large companies had the highest rate. Accidents involving machines comprised half of the material. Saws were the most common machine type. Forty-two percent of the injuries could have been more severe; one injury could have been fatal. The injured persons and their foremen identified the causal factors of the accidents and the needed safety countermeasures well. Sixty-six percent of the causes and 65% of the safety countermeasures were associated with the actions of the workers and the workplace procedures. Nevertheless, only 6% of the identified safety countermeasures were put into force.
It was estimated that, in 1987, 2000 on-site accidents leading to at least first-aid at some health care center occurred in the Finnish furniture industry. Special efforts should be taken to improve safety in furniture production in Finland.
本研究旨在确定芬兰家具行业发生的职业伤害类型，并观察其在生产类型和公司规模方面是否存在差异。
在为期一年的事故登记期间，对18家不同类型的芬兰家具厂的事故事件、伤害的实际和潜在严重程度、事故原因以及预防此类事故所需的措施进行了调查。协方差分析确定了影响伤害实际和潜在严重程度的变量。
登记的214起事故均为误工伤害；其中两起导致指尖轻微部分缺失。致残伤害率为每年每100名工人中有14.4起。大公司的木制家具生产和厨房橱柜生产发生率最高。涉及机器的事故占事故总数的一半。锯是最常见的机器类型。42%的伤害本可能更严重；有一起伤害本可能致命。受伤人员及其领班很好地识别了事故的因果因素和所需的安全对策。66%的原因和65%的安全对策与工人的行为和工作场所程序有关。然而，只有6%已识别的安全对策得到实施。
据估计，1987年芬兰家具行业发生了2000起至少需要在某个医疗中心进行急救的现场事故。应特别努力改善芬兰家具生产中的安全状况。
