Fayer R, Graczyk T K, Cranfield M R, Trout J M
Immunology and Disease Resistance Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1996 Oct;62(10):3908-9. doi: 10.1128/aem.62.10.3908-3909.1996.
Purified oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum suspended in approximately 400 microliters of phosphate-buffered saline or deionized water in microcentrifuge tubes were exposed at 21 to 23 degrees C for 24 h to a saturated atmosphere of ammonia, carbon monoxide, ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, or methyl bromide gas. Controls were exposed to air. Oocysts in each tube were then rinsed and resuspended in fresh, deionized water, and 1 million oocysts exposed to each gas were orally administered to each of three to six neonatal BALB/c mice in replicate groups. Histologic sections of ileum, cecum, and colon tissues taken from each mouse 72 h after oral administration of oocysts were examined microscopically to determine if infection had been established. All 15 mice given oocysts exposed to carbon monoxide had numerous developmental stages of cryptosporidium in all three intestinal segments. Of 10 mice given oocysts exposed to formaldehyde, 6 had a few developmental stages of cryptosporidium in the ileum. No mice given oocysts exposed to ammonia, ethylene oxide, or methyl bromide were found to be infected. These findings indicate the efficacy of these low-molecular-weight gases (ammonia, ethylene oxide, and methyl bromide) as potential disinfectants for C. parvum oocysts where soil, rooms, buildings, tools, or instruments might be contaminated.
将悬浮于微量离心管中约400微升磷酸盐缓冲盐水或去离子水中的微小隐孢子虫卵囊，在21至23摄氏度下暴露于氨气、一氧化碳、环氧乙烷、甲醛或溴甲烷气体的饱和气氛中24小时。对照组暴露于空气中。然后冲洗每个试管中的卵囊，并将其重悬于新鲜去离子水中，将暴露于每种气体的100万个卵囊分别口服给予三至六只新生BALB/c小鼠的重复组。在口服卵囊72小时后，从每只小鼠获取回肠、盲肠和结肠组织的组织学切片，进行显微镜检查以确定是否已建立感染。给予暴露于一氧化碳的卵囊的所有15只小鼠在所有三个肠段中均有大量隐孢子虫发育阶段。给予暴露于甲醛的卵囊的10只小鼠中，6只在回肠中有少量隐孢子虫发育阶段。未发现给予暴露于氨气、环氧乙烷或溴甲烷的卵囊的小鼠被感染。这些发现表明这些低分子量气体（氨气、环氧乙烷和溴甲烷）作为可能污染土壤、房间、建筑物、工具或仪器的微小隐孢子虫卵囊的潜在消毒剂的有效性。
