Dewey D
Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Brain Cogn. 1995 Dec;29(3):254-74. doi: 10.1006/brcg.1995.1281.
The idea of developmental dyspraxia has been discussed in the research literature for almost 100 years. However, there continues to be a lack of consensus regarding both the definition and description of this disorder. This paper presents a neuropsychologically based operational definition of developmental dyspraxia that emphasizes that developmental dyspraxia is a disorder of gesture. Research that has investigated the development of praxis is discussed. Further, different types of gestural disorders displayed by children and different mechanisms that underlie developmental dyspraxia are compared to and contrasted with adult acquired apraxia. The impact of perceptual-motor, language, and cognitive impairments on children's gestural development and the possible associations between these developmental disorders and developmental dyspraxia are also examined. Also, the relationship among limb, orofacial, and verbal dyspraxia is discussed. Finally, problems that exist in the neuropsychological assessment of developmental dyspraxia are discussed and recommendations concerning what should be included in such an assessment are presented.
发育性运动障碍的概念在研究文献中已被讨论了近100年。然而，对于这种障碍的定义和描述仍然缺乏共识。本文提出了一种基于神经心理学的发育性运动障碍操作性定义，强调发育性运动障碍是一种手势障碍。文中讨论了研究实践发展的相关研究。此外，将儿童表现出的不同类型手势障碍以及发育性运动障碍背后的不同机制与成人获得性失用症进行了比较和对比。还研究了感知运动、语言和认知障碍对儿童手势发展的影响，以及这些发育障碍与发育性运动障碍之间可能存在的关联。此外，还讨论了肢体、口面部和言语失用症之间的关系。最后，讨论了发育性运动障碍神经心理学评估中存在的问题，并提出了关于此类评估应包括哪些内容的建议。
