Gray S L, Hanlon J T, Fillenbaum G G, Wall W E, Bales C
School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.
Pharmacotherapy. 1996 Jul-Aug;16(4):715-20.
We conducted a population survey to describe patterns and determine predictors of the use of nutritional supplements and single-ingredient vitamins and minerals among elderly living in five adjacent urban and rural counties in the Piedmont area of North Carolina. The stratified random sample consisted of 3939 black and white participants age 65 or older from the Duke Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly. The use of nutritional supplements within the previous 2 weeks was determined during an in-home interview. Multivariate analyses, using weighted data adjusted for sampling design, were conducted to assess the association between nutritional supplement use and predisposing, need, and enabling factors. Nutritional supplement use was reported by 26.2% of participants and was more likely for those who were white women, were high school educated, were underweight, took prescription drugs, had five or more health visits in the previous year, and had supplemental health insurance. It was less likely for those with poor self-rated health. The majority (71.5%) of nutritional supplement users took at least one single-ingredient supplement. Use of such products was more likely in those who were white, born and raised in an urban area, and high school educated, and was less likely in those with impaired functional status. Nutritional supplement use is prevalent in community-dwelling elderly and is more commonly associated with demographic factors and access to health care than with need factors.
我们开展了一项人口调查，以描述北卡罗来纳州皮埃蒙特地区五个相邻城乡县的老年人使用营养补充剂及单一成分维生素和矿物质的模式，并确定其预测因素。分层随机样本由来自杜克老年流行病学研究既定人群的3939名65岁及以上的黑人和白人参与者组成。通过入户访谈确定前两周内营养补充剂的使用情况。使用针对抽样设计调整后的加权数据进行多变量分析，以评估营养补充剂使用与易患因素、需求因素和促成因素之间的关联。26.2%的参与者报告使用了营养补充剂，白人女性、受过高中教育、体重过轻、服用处方药、上一年有五次或更多次健康就诊以及有补充医疗保险的人使用营养补充剂的可能性更大。自评健康状况较差的人使用营养补充剂的可能性较小。大多数（71.5%）营养补充剂使用者至少服用了一种单一成分的补充剂。在白人、在城市地区出生和长大且受过高中教育的人群中，使用此类产品的可能性更大，而在功能状态受损的人群中可能性较小。营养补充剂的使用在社区居住的老年人中很普遍，并且更多地与人口统计学因素和获得医疗保健的机会相关，而不是与需求因素相关。
