Danquah S A, Mate-Kole C C, Zehr R T
Department of Psychology, Saint Mary's University, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Int J Rehabil Res. 1996 Jun;19(2):143-56. doi: 10.1097/00004356-199606000-00005.
There is evidence that some individuals with severe intellectual impairment who are non-verbal may, out of frustration, display such inappropriate behaviour as aggression and self-injury as a means of communicating their needs to caregivers. The purpose of this study was to develop an inexpensive augmented communication device and to teach individuals with multiple impairment to use this method to communicate their needs in order to reduce their aggressive behaviours. The Dan Communication System (DanCS) symbol boards were therefore designed with computerized voice interface to help the individuals communicate to caregivers by means of audio and visual signs. A working DanCS board has been successfully developed and can now be mass produced by a manufacturer. The DanCS board is illustrated and described. A measurement device called the Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) that focused on three target behaviours; pressing of symbols, control of aggression, and social interaction with caregivers, was used to evaluate progress in the participating subjects (N = 30). Results showed that the multiply impaired individuals in the study significantly improved in all the targeted behaviours through the use of the DanCS. Details of the study are reported.
有证据表明，一些重度智力障碍且无法言语的个体可能会出于沮丧情绪，表现出攻击和自我伤害等不适当行为，以此向照顾者传达他们的需求。本研究的目的是开发一种低成本的辅助沟通设备，并教会多重障碍个体使用这种方法来表达需求，从而减少他们的攻击行为。因此，丹氏沟通系统（DanCS）符号板设计了计算机化语音界面，以帮助个体通过音频和视觉符号与照顾者进行沟通。一个可用的DanCS板已成功开发出来，现在制造商可以进行批量生产。文中对DanCS板进行了图示和描述。一种名为目标达成量表（GAS）的测量工具聚焦于三种目标行为：符号按压、攻击行为控制以及与照顾者的社交互动，用于评估参与研究的受试者（N = 30）的进展情况。结果显示，研究中的多重障碍个体通过使用DanCS，在所有目标行为上都有显著改善。本文报告了该研究的详细情况。
