Ireys H T, Salkever D S, Kolodner K B, Bijur P E
Department of Maternal and Child Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 1996 Jul;19(1):25-33. doi: 10.1016/1054-139X(95)00095-A.
Education, employment, and "idleness" in young adults with ongoing physical health conditions were examined in relation to parents' education and respondent's age and co-existing disabilities.
Telephone interviews were conducted with 421 individuals aged 20-24 years randomly drawn from public health programs in two midwestern states. In addition to a chronic health condition, 18% of the sample also had mental retardation, 21% also had a physical disability (but no retardation), and 11% also had a learning disability (but no mental retardation or physical disability). Youth were considered "idle" if they were not in school, not employed, not married, and had no children.
Thirty-seven percent of the sample were enrolled in an educational program, and 48% were employed either part-time or full-time. Seventeen percent were both in school and employed, 50% were in school or employed, and 33% were neither in school nor working. Overall, 23% of the sample were idle. Youth with mental retardation were two to three times more likely to be in school compared to youth with a chronic physical condition alone. Youth with mental retardation and physical disabilities were less likely to be employed and more likely to be idle compared to youth with only a chronic condition. Parental education affected rates of schooling and employment. Compared to a general population sample of youth in the same states, youth with ongoing health problems were at higher risk for idleness.
Youth with chronic health conditions and either mental retardation or physical disabilities are at higher risk for idleness compared to youth with a chronic condition alone or to youth in general.
研究患有持续身体健康问题的年轻人的教育、就业和“闲散”状况与父母教育程度、受访者年龄及并存残疾之间的关系。
对从美国中西部两个州的公共卫生项目中随机抽取的421名年龄在20 - 24岁之间的个体进行电话访谈。除了患有慢性健康问题外，18%的样本还患有智力障碍，21%还患有身体残疾（但无智力障碍），11%还患有学习障碍（但无智力障碍或身体残疾）。如果年轻人未上学、未就业、未结婚且没有孩子，则被视为“闲散”。
37%的样本参加了教育项目，48%的人从事兼职或全职工作。17%的人既上学又工作，50%的人上学或工作，33%的人既未上学也未工作。总体而言，23%的样本处于闲散状态。与仅患有慢性身体疾病的年轻人相比，患有智力障碍的年轻人上学的可能性高出两到三倍。与仅患有慢性疾病的年轻人相比，患有智力障碍和身体残疾的年轻人就业的可能性较小，闲散的可能性较大。父母的教育程度影响了上学和就业的比例。与同州青年的总体样本相比，患有持续健康问题的年轻人闲散的风险更高。
与仅患有慢性疾病的年轻人或一般年轻人相比，患有慢性健康问题且伴有智力障碍或身体残疾的年轻人闲散的风险更高。
