Hicks H E
Division of Toxicology, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Toxicol Ind Health. 1996 May-Aug;12(3-4):303-13. doi: 10.1177/074823379601200303.
The Great Lakes are collectively the largest inland body of freshwater on this planet. For more than two hundred years, the Great Lakes basin has been used as a resource for industry, agriculture, shipping, and recreation. The physical characteristics of the basin and the long retention time of chemicals in the lakes combine to make this huge freshwater resource a repository for chemical by-products of these activities. Many of the more than one thousand chemicals detected in the waters, sediment, or biota of the Great Lakes have known toxic effects. This overview will identify the 11 most persistent toxic chemicals known as "critical" Great Lakes pollutants. It also will describe some of the adverse health effects that have been observed in fish and other wildlife because of exposure to these pollutants. Finally, it will discuss some of the early human health studies that 1) have demonstrated a correlation between increased body burdens and fish consumption, and 2) suggest an association between consumption of contaminated Great Lakes fish and adverse human health effects.
五大湖是地球上最大的内陆淡水水体。两百多年来，五大湖流域一直被用作工业、农业、航运和娱乐的资源。流域的物理特征以及化学物质在湖泊中的长时间停留，使得这片巨大的淡水资源成为这些活动产生的化学副产品的储存库。在五大湖的水域、沉积物或生物群中检测到的一千多种化学物质中，许多都具有已知的毒性作用。本概述将确定被称为五大湖“关键”污染物的11种最持久的有毒化学物质。它还将描述由于接触这些污染物而在鱼类和其他野生动物身上观察到的一些不利健康影响。最后，它将讨论一些早期的人体健康研究，这些研究：1）证明了体内负荷增加与鱼类消费之间的相关性，以及2）表明食用受污染的五大湖鱼类与人体健康不良影响之间存在关联。
