Jennings P D, Schell A M, Filion D L, Dawson M E
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-1061, USA.
Psychophysiology. 1996 Mar;33(2):148-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1996.tb02118.x.
Startle eyeblink modification was examined as a measure of information processing. College students were presented with tones of 5 and 7 s duration of either high or low pitch, followed by startle-eliciting stimuli at lead intervals of 120, 2,000, 4,500, or 6,000 ms. Attention to tones was manipulated by instructing the task group to count the longer tones of either pitch. The no-task group had no instructed task. Startle eyeblink was inhibited at the short lead interval and facilitated at the long lead intervals in both groups. The task group showed greater inhibition and facilitation during attended than during ignored tones, indicating that early and late controlled processing was occurring. In the task group, the degree of facilitation appeared to reflect the degree of cognitive demands of the task. Startle eyeblink modification may provide a sensitive measure of the nature and timing of stages of processing in active and passive attentional conditions.
惊吓眨眼修正作为一种信息处理的测量方法被进行了研究。向大学生呈现持续时间为5秒和7秒的高音或低音音调，随后在120、2000、4500或6000毫秒的提前间隔施加引发惊吓的刺激。通过指示任务组对两种音高中较长的音调进行计数来操纵对音调的注意力。无任务组没有被指示的任务。两组在短提前间隔时惊吓眨眼受到抑制，在长提前间隔时受到促进。任务组在被关注的音调期间比在被忽略的音调期间表现出更大的抑制和促进，表明早期和晚期的控制加工正在发生。在任务组中，促进程度似乎反映了任务的认知需求程度。惊吓眨眼修正可能为主动和被动注意条件下加工阶段的性质和时间提供一种敏感的测量方法。
