Jiménez-Anguiano A, García-García F, Mendoza-Ramírez J L, Durán- Vázquez A, Drucker-Colín R
Depto. de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México.
Brain Res. 1996 Jul 22;728(1):37-46.
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) has been shown to increase rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in normal and insomniac animals, while the administration of anti-VIP antibodies or an antagonist of VIP receptors decreases REM sleep. In addition, recently, it has been suggested that a VIP-like substance accumulates in the CSF during waking and that it may be involved in the production of the REM rebound normally seen following REM sleep deprivation. This evidence suggests that VIP may be important in modulating REM sleep in normal conditions and during REM sleep rebound. To determine whether VIP is involved in REM sleep homeostasis, VIP receptors of discrete brain areas was determined by autoradiography after 24 and 72 h of REM sleep deprivation (REM SD) by the water tank technique. Since this procedure has been suggested to produce some stress, an additional group adapted for 7 days to the sleep deprivation situation was tested. The results showed that REM SD produces an increase in the density of VIP receptors in several brainstem and forebrain structures at 24 h of REM SD and more so at 72 h of REM SD. Interestingly, results showed that habituation to the REM SD procedure decreases the density of VIP receptors in some areas of the brain of the REM sleep-deprived rats. The results are discussed in terms of the possibility that waking induces an increase of VIP receptors in several structures, which in turn are responsible for modulating REM sleep, but that stress contributes in part to VIP receptor changes.
血管活性肠肽（VIP）已被证明可增加正常动物和失眠动物的快速眼动（REM）睡眠，而给予抗VIP抗体或VIP受体拮抗剂则会减少REM睡眠。此外，最近有研究表明，一种类似VIP的物质在清醒时会在脑脊液中积累，并且它可能参与了REM睡眠剥夺后通常出现的REM睡眠反弹的产生。这些证据表明，VIP在正常条件下和REM睡眠反弹期间调节REM睡眠可能很重要。为了确定VIP是否参与REM睡眠稳态，采用水箱技术剥夺REM睡眠（REM SD）24小时和72小时后，通过放射自显影法测定了离散脑区的VIP受体。由于有人认为该程序会产生一些压力，因此对另外一组适应睡眠剥夺情况7天的动物进行了测试。结果表明，REM SD在REM SD 24小时时会使几个脑干和前脑结构中的VIP受体密度增加，在REM SD 72小时时增加得更多。有趣的是，结果表明，对REM SD程序的适应会降低REM睡眠剥夺大鼠大脑某些区域的VIP受体密度。讨论了以下可能性的结果：清醒会导致几个结构中的VIP受体增加，这反过来又负责调节REM睡眠，但压力在一定程度上导致了VIP受体的变化。
