Ransohoff R M, Glabinski A, Tani M
Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA.
Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 1996 Jun;7(1):35-46. doi: 10.1016/1359-6101(96)00003-2.
Inflammatory cell recruitment to the central nervous system (CNS) is a cardinal feature of physiological and pathological processes, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite recent progress, the soluble signals that attract inflammatory cells from the vascular compartment into the CNS parenchyma remain obscure. We favor the hypothesis that chemoattractant cytokines termed 'chemokines' are uniquely important for mediating leukocyte entry into CNS tissues during immune-mediated inflammation. Three lines of evidence supporting this hypothesis will be reviewed. The first regards expression of chemokines in animal models of immune-mediated CNS inflammation and in the human disease, multiple sclerosis. The second line of evidence involves interventional studies of chemokine blockade in such model disorders. The third line of evidence comprises function of chemokines in the CNS, as analysed in transgenic mice. Investigation of CNS chemokine function will enhance our understanding of leukocyte recruitment to the CNS and suggest therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders.
炎症细胞向中枢神经系统（CNS）募集是包括多发性硬化症（MS）在内的生理和病理过程的主要特征。尽管最近取得了进展，但将炎症细胞从血管腔吸引到CNS实质的可溶性信号仍不清楚。我们支持这样一种假说，即在免疫介导的炎症过程中，被称为“趋化因子”的趋化性细胞因子对于介导白细胞进入CNS组织具有独特的重要性。将综述支持这一假说的三条证据。第一条涉及趋化因子在免疫介导的CNS炎症动物模型和人类疾病多发性硬化症中的表达。第二条证据涉及在这类模型疾病中对趋化因子阻断的干预性研究。第三条证据包括在转基因小鼠中分析的趋化因子在CNS中的功能。对CNS趋化因子功能的研究将增进我们对白细胞向CNS募集的理解，并为神经系统疾病提出治疗策略。
