Stahl E, Buhl R, Schnaudigel O, Steinkamp G, Fries U, Gümbel H, Ohrloff C
Zentrum der Augenheilkunde, Universität Frankfurt/Main.
Ophthalmologe. 1996 Feb;93(1):54-8.
Glutathione is a major component of the mechanisms protecting the eye against oxidants. To analyse the functional status and the regulation of the glutathione system in the eyes of patients with advanced cataract, glutathione concentrations were quantified in venous plasma and aqueous humor.
In all, 42 patients with advanced cataract (29 women, 13 men; mean age (+/- SEM) 70 +/- 2 years; vision < or = 0.3) were evaluated. Aqueous humour and venous plasma were obtained at the beginning of cataract surgery.
Levels of total glutathione [reduced (GSH) + oxidized glutathione (GSSG)] in plasma were 2.34 +/- 0.23 microM. There was 2.08 +/- 0.15 microM in the reduced form and 0.27 +/- 0.17 microM oxidized glutathione, which means that 94.7 +/- 2.1% of the total glutathione was GSH, the form fully functional as an antioxidant. Levels of total glutathione in the aqueous humor were 1.2 +/- 0.16 microM, i.e. 54.5 +/- 4.8% of plasma levels. Surprisingly, the percentage of GSSG in aqueous humor (0.24 +/- 0.07 microM, 31 +/- 10.5% of the total glutathione) was much higher than that in plasma (P < 0.001). The correlation between glutathione concentrations in plasma and aqueous humor was on the borderline of significance (rs = 0.32, P < 0.04).
The proportion of oxidized glutathione is higher in aqueous humor than in plasma of patients with advanced senile cataracts, indicating increased oxidant stress in the eye. Further, the regulation of the glutathione system in the eye, at least in aqueous humor, is dependent on plasma glutathione levels. This correlation reflects the importance of sufficient glutathione levels in venous plasma and suggests the possibility of modulating the glutathione system in the eye via manipulation of plasma glutathione levels.
谷胱甘肽是保护眼睛免受氧化剂侵害机制的主要成分。为分析晚期白内障患者眼睛中谷胱甘肽系统的功能状态及其调节情况，对静脉血浆和房水中的谷胱甘肽浓度进行了定量。
共评估了42例晚期白内障患者（29例女性，13例男性；平均年龄（±标准误）70±2岁；视力≤0.3）。在白内障手术开始时获取房水和静脉血浆。
血浆中总谷胱甘肽[还原型（GSH）+氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）]水平为2.34±0.23微摩尔/升。还原型为2.08±0.15微摩尔/升，氧化型谷胱甘肽为0.27±0.17微摩尔/升，这意味着总谷胱甘肽的94.7±2.1%为GSH，即作为抗氧化剂完全发挥功能的形式。房水中总谷胱甘肽水平为1.2±0.16微摩尔/升，即血浆水平的54.5±4.8%。令人惊讶的是，房水中GSSG的百分比（0.24±0.07微摩尔/升，占总谷胱甘肽的31±10.5%）远高于血浆中的百分比（P<0.001）。血浆和房水中谷胱甘肽浓度之间的相关性处于显著临界值（rs = 0.32，P<0.04）。
晚期老年性白内障患者房水中氧化型谷胱甘肽的比例高于血浆中的比例，表明眼睛中的氧化应激增加。此外，眼睛中谷胱甘肽系统的调节，至少在房水中，依赖于血浆谷胱甘肽水平。这种相关性反映了静脉血浆中充足谷胱甘肽水平的重要性，并提示通过调节血浆谷胱甘肽水平来调节眼睛中谷胱甘肽系统的可能性。
