Schwartz R, Stern C, Klemm M, Draeger J, Winter R
Universitäts-Augenklinik Hamburg.
Ophthalmologe. 1996 Feb;93(1):76-9.
Two completely different questions arise when considering glaucoma and fitness to fly: Firstly, what is the risk for a passenger with glaucoma? Secondly, what is the flight safety risk connected with pilots suffering from glaucoma? National requirements and international standards pay little regard to this disease. This is astonishing, given that the perception of flight information in the peripheral visual field is of great importance in the cockpit. On one hand, diagnostic glaucoma examinations for pilots are mainly insufficient, and on the other, progressive visual field deficiencies may go undetected because of long intervals between examinations. Intraocular pressure may increase while flying in aircraft, e.g. in the case of negative g-load. Frequent flights at high altitudes without pressurized cabin air and with decreased oxygen supply, and therefore decreased tissue oxygen saturation, may represent a risk, especially for patients with progressive nerve fibre loss.
首先，青光眼乘客面临的风险是什么？其次，患有青光眼的飞行员会带来哪些飞行安全风险？国家要求和国际标准很少关注这种疾病。鉴于周边视野中飞行信息的感知在驾驶舱中非常重要，这一点令人惊讶。一方面，针对飞行员的青光眼诊断检查主要不足，另一方面，由于检查间隔时间长，可能无法发现渐进性视野缺损。在飞机飞行过程中，例如在负过载情况下，眼压可能会升高。频繁在高海拔飞行且没有增压机舱空气和氧气供应减少，从而导致组织氧饱和度降低，这可能会带来风险，尤其是对于患有进行性神经纤维损失的患者。
