Tongpim S, Pickard M A
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Can J Microbiol. 1996 Mar;42(3):289-94. doi: 10.1139/m96-042.
Three slow-growing bacteria were isolated from a mixed culture enriched for growth on anthracene, using creosote-contaminated soil as the inoculum. Organisms were shown to use anthracene by the production of a clear zone around the colony after a mineral salts agar plate was sprayed with anthracene. All three bacteria were nonmotile, nonsporulating, gram-positive rods and stained acid-fast. Physiological and biochemical tests, GC content, and cell wall lipid patterns of whole cell methanolysates indicated that they belonged to the Nocardia-Mycobacterium-Rhodococcus group. On the basis of these characteristics and pyrolysis gas chromatography, they were assigned to the genus Rhodococcus. Growth of the isolates was slow on crystalline anthracene, giving a doubling time of 1.5-3 days, and they grew mainly on the crystal surface. When anthracene was supplied by precipitation from a solvent, doubling time was reduced to 1 day. All three isolates mineralized anthracene but not phenanthrene or naphthalene, nor could they grow on naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluorene, fluoranthene, acenaphthene, pyrene, chrysene, or naphthacene as sole carbon source. One isolate, Rhodococcus S1, was able to use 2-methylanthracene or 2-chloroanthracene as carbon source but not 1- or 9-substituted analogs. These results suggest that the initial enzyme attacking anthracene in these isolates has a narrow substrate specificity.
从一种以杂酚油污染土壤为接种物、经富集培养以利于在蒽上生长的混合培养物中分离出三种生长缓慢的细菌。在无机盐琼脂平板上喷洒蒽后，通过菌落周围出现透明圈证明这些微生物能够利用蒽。所有三种细菌均无运动性、不产芽孢、革兰氏阳性杆菌且抗酸染色阳性。全细胞甲醇解产物的生理生化测试、GC含量和细胞壁脂质模式表明它们属于诺卡氏菌 - 分枝杆菌 - 红球菌属。基于这些特征和热解气相色谱分析，它们被归为红球菌属。分离菌株在结晶蒽上生长缓慢，倍增时间为1.5 - 3天，且主要在晶体表面生长。当蒽通过从溶剂中沉淀供应时，倍增时间缩短至1天。所有三种分离菌株都能使蒽矿化，但不能使菲或萘矿化，它们也不能以萘、菲、芴、荧蒽、苊、芘、 Chrysene或并四苯作为唯一碳源生长。一种分离菌株，红球菌S1，能够利用2 - 甲基蒽或2 - 氯蒽作为碳源，但不能利用1 - 或9 - 取代类似物。这些结果表明，这些分离菌株中攻击蒽的初始酶具有较窄的底物特异性。
