McArthur K E
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75216, USA.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1996 Feb;10(1):23-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.1996.tb00174.x.
Drugs are a relatively uncommon cause of pancreatitis in adult patients, but should be considered when other reasonable causes of pancreatitis are not present. A wide variety of drugs have been reported to cause pancreatitis. Drug-induced pancreatitis is almost always acute and may be mild to fatal in severity. Definite proof that a drug causes pancreatitis requires that pancreatitis develops during treatment with the drug, that other likely causes of pancreatitis are not present, that pancreatitis resolves upon discontinuing the drug, and that pancreatitis usually recurs upon readministration of the drug. For ethical reasons, rechallenge with the suspect drug can be done only if the drug is necessary to treat a serious condition; thus this highly convincing piece of evidence relating the drug to pancreatitis may not be available. Information about drug-related pancreatitis is often not readily available, particularly for newer drugs. Clinicians should consider obtaining information directly from regulatory agencies and manufacturers as well as the literature.
在成年患者中，药物是胰腺炎相对少见的病因，但当不存在其他合理的胰腺炎病因时应予以考虑。据报道，多种药物可导致胰腺炎。药物性胰腺炎几乎总是急性的，严重程度可从轻度到致命。药物导致胰腺炎的确切证据需要满足以下条件：在使用该药物治疗期间发生胰腺炎；不存在其他可能的胰腺炎病因；停药后胰腺炎缓解；再次使用该药物时胰腺炎通常复发。出于伦理原因，只有在药物对治疗严重疾病必不可少时，才会对可疑药物进行再次激发试验；因此，这种将药物与胰腺炎相关联的极具说服力的证据可能无法获得。关于药物相关性胰腺炎的信息往往不易获取，尤其是对于新药。临床医生应考虑直接从监管机构、制造商以及文献中获取信息。
