Lingwood C A
Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Microbiology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Glycoconj J. 1996 Aug;13(4):495-503. doi: 10.1007/BF00731435.
The aglycone has been largely ignored in consideration of glycoconjugate function. Evidence is reviewed which suggests that the role of the lipid in glycolipid carbohydrate function may be particularly significant. The lipid moiety can promote or reduce carbohydrate exposure of membrane glycolipids. Theoretical calculation has indicated that the plane of the plasma membrane can restrict the permitted conformations of a given glycolipid oligosaccharide. Thus the lipid moiety may influence the relative conformation of such carbohydrate sequences. Evidence of ceramide regulation of glycolipid function can be found in studies of enzyme substrate specificity, antiglycolipid recognition and bacterial/host cell interactions. Studies of verotoxin binding to its glycolipid receptor globotriaosyl ceramide indicate that modulation of receptor function by glycolipid fatty acid content plays an important role in in vitro binding assays, cell cytotoxicity and intracellular routing.
在考虑糖缀合物功能时，糖苷配基在很大程度上被忽视了。本文综述了相关证据，这些证据表明脂质在糖脂碳水化合物功能中的作用可能尤为重要。脂质部分可以促进或减少膜糖脂的碳水化合物暴露。理论计算表明，质膜平面可以限制给定糖脂寡糖的允许构象。因此，脂质部分可能会影响此类碳水化合物序列的相对构象。在酶底物特异性、抗糖脂识别和细菌/宿主细胞相互作用的研究中可以找到神经酰胺调节糖脂功能的证据。对志贺毒素与其糖脂受体球三糖基神经酰胺结合的研究表明，糖脂脂肪酸含量对受体功能的调节在体外结合试验、细胞毒性和细胞内转运中起着重要作用。
