Jenny J, Cons N C
University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996 Oct;110(4):410-6. doi: 10.1016/s0889-5406(96)70044-6.
This article compares and contrasts two orthodontic indices, the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), and the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Both contain esthetic and clinical criteria. Both accept the premise that a significant benefit of orthodontic treatment is improved esthetics and, by inference, social and psychological well-being. Both have as their goal the identification of children most in need of orthodontic treatment subsidized by public funds. The first part of this article describes the IOTN, its development, reliability, and validity. The second section describes the DAI, its development, reliability, and validity. The third part of the article compares and contrasts the indices. There are a number of differences between the IOTN and the DAI. In the IOTN, the esthetic component is a separate instrument from the dental health component. The unique aspect of the DAI is its linking of people's perceptions of esthetics with anatomic trait measurements by regression analysis to produce a single score obviating the need, as in the IOTN, for two separate scores that cannot be combined. Both components of the IOTN have only three grades, "no need," "borderline need," and "definite need." The IOTN cannot rank order cases with greater or lesser need for treatment within grades. In contrast, DAI scores can be rank ordered on a continuous scale and can differentiate cases within severity levels. With the IOTN, about a third of British schoolchildren would be found eligible for treatment in public programs. Providing publicly funded orthodontic care to as many as a third of the schoolchildren would not be feasible in the United States.
本文比较并对比了两种正畸指数，即正畸治疗需求指数（IOTN）和牙齿美学指数（DAI）。两者都包含美学和临床标准。两者都认同这样一个前提，即正畸治疗的一个显著益处是改善美观，进而改善社会和心理健康。两者的目标都是识别最需要公共资金资助的正畸治疗的儿童。本文第一部分介绍了IOTN，包括其发展、可靠性和有效性。第二部分介绍了DAI，包括其发展、可靠性和有效性。本文第三部分对这两种指数进行了比较和对比。IOTN和DAI之间存在一些差异。在IOTN中，美学部分是与牙齿健康部分分开的一个工具。DAI的独特之处在于，通过回归分析将人们对美学的认知与解剖特征测量联系起来，得出一个单一分数，从而无需像IOTN那样得出两个无法合并的单独分数。IOTN的两个部分都只有三个等级，即“无需治疗”“临界需要治疗”和“肯定需要治疗”。IOTN无法在等级范围内对治疗需求程度不同的病例进行排序。相比之下，DAI分数可以在连续量表上进行排序，并且可以区分严重程度级别内的病例。使用IOTN时，约三分之一的英国学童会被认定有资格接受公共项目的治疗。在美国，为多达三分之一的学童提供公共资金资助的正畸护理是不可行的。
